12 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1926 
other things, two species of an anomuran crab of the genus Aeglea were 
obtained. These Doctor Schmitt considered a great find, as they are rather 
rare in collections and there has been some uncertainty as to their status. 
He left Castro October 21 and traveled by auto over the mountains to 
Blumenau. Here he met Fritz Schmitt, son-in-law of Fritz Miiller, the 
celebrated naturalist, visited Miiller’s former home, and saw the very simple 
microscopes with which he did such excellent work. 
He returned to Sio Francisco October 27, when several cases of specimens 
were packed for shipment to Washington. The weather and tides being 
favorable, some excellent collections of shrimps and amphipods were made 
at this station, and he says “ I’ve extended the ranges of a number of species, 
and surely found a couple of new ones here.” 
He arrived off Itajahy at 8 p. m. November 2, after a cold, rainy trip, 
and early the next morning anchored off Florianopolis. Some tow-net hauls 
and shore collecting here produced excellent results. 
Owing to the many unavoidable delays, Doctor Schmitt has not been able 
to progress as rapidly as he had hoped, but the ground has been as thoroughly 
worked as possible, and several cases of specimens have already been received 
at the Museum. His collections at this time comprise several thousand speci- 
mens and consist chiefly of Crustacea, Coelenterates, Porifera, Echinoderms, 
Annelids, Bryozoa, and Fishes. 
ANTHROPOLOGICAL STUDIES IN SOUTHERN ASIA, JAVA, AUSTRALIA, AND 
SOUTH AFRICA 
The most far-reaching expedition of the year was that undertaken 
by Dr. Ale’ Hrdlitka in the interests of physical anthropology, 
which covered some 50,000 miles through Europe, India, Ceylon, 
Java, Australia, and South Africa. The primary purpose of the 
expedition, under the joint auspices of the Smithsonian Institution 
and the Buffalo Society of Natural Sciences, was to make a thor- 
ough survey of the subject of ancient man and fossil apes in these 
regions. 
Doctor Hrdlitka’s work began in the region of the Siwalik Hills 
of northern India, which he regards, as the result of his survey, as 
the richest and most promising region in the world in remains of 
fossil anthropoid apes. The following extracts from Doctor 
Hrdlitka’s first published account of his trip will give an impression 
of the vast amount of territory covered and of the importance and 
interest of the work: 
From Simla Doctor Hrdlitka proceeded to the Tibetan border to observe the 
types of the Tibetans who made their homes in Darjeeling or its vicinity, 
or come there from over the mountains, and who occasionally show types that 
resemble most closely the American Indian. At Darjeeling, with generous help 
from the Government, it was possible in a short time to see large numbers 
of the native population, consisting of mongoloid tribes who have overflowed 
into the northernmost parts of India, and a good many Tibetans. There is 
seen amongst these Tibetans, Chinese admixture—for the Chinese have been 
lords of Tibet for a long time—yet frequently true American Indian types are 
also to be found, so true that if they were transplanted into America nobody 
