282 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1926 
(Helix, Pupa, etc.). But mammal bones are found in small numbers 
scattered over the wide area in which loess occurs. Doctor Ander- 
sson’s list of those recorded by different observers includes elephant, 
hyena, hippopotamus, horse, stag, turtle, and a mole-like rodent, com- 
monly known as mole rat (A/yospalaw) (1-127). A fossil of special 
interest is the ostrich egg@ (Struthiolithus), which seems to be fairly 
widely distributed.) One such was found at Ch’enchow by Mr. Max 
Engel, of Peking, 25 feet below ground level when digging a well. Its 
length is 180 millimeters. The photograph which he kindly allowed 
me to take, shows clearly the calcareous incrustations often found 
attached to the surface of such fossil eggs. Though complete eggs 
are rare, broken bits are more frequently found. I have found 
fragments in eight localities within a radius of a few miles of Kal- 
gan, which tally with observations in other regions. 
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS 
Failing to find any published quantitative description of the ma- 
terial which composes it, I examined typical specimens of loess from 
Chihli and Honan; the former was collected from a point 10 miles 
southwest of Hsuan-hua, in northern Chihli, the latter was kindly 
furnished by Dr. W. H. Wong, Director of the Geological Survey. 
The latter material was kindly analyzed for me by Prof. E. O. 
Wilson of the department of chemistry, Yenching University. For 
comparison, the analysis given in his report is here set beside analyses 
of loess soils from the Rhine Valley, from Switzerland, and three 
from America, showing the wide range of variation in composition 
of loess. 
1 | 2 3 t 6 6 
gE Se eee eeeees 5 eee ae _ 
810s 7OT! fan SOE ON es POPP ean SCN ere ae, ‘ 64, 22 88. 97 71. 09 
PUA Une cas ack ee ae comtieaue daeeane 4 . 97 
1 TPE PIRES SAR IO CTPA Gest Nhe, 495 } 16. <8 
OF TO Ga BPR te RO cp Bie te me ea kf Se 6.31 | 11.31 1.81 
Mig Gan gs. bytes she ad ace 2 ot Le be 2. 09 | A Obed se decees 4. 
BAO es Wee ee Ca ee. een eee . 22 | S4 
WiOescb: ey? ve: cud. age inlet Ase aa 9) Lil 1.30 
TO ethia ees oe. Sakon hc cer Sen ne eee Ce aaeee | pe autes cee] abupca meee 
Re Oareteeehs. 5b eo thest. Bee eo eg gect old cadd 
IN ec eae Sse erie tS ee cL ney Cae core erent lean coatansleaaa nace 
CG Sii6it 165 -. eae o4 geass 4.1 | 11,08 
NY. Be 0 ae ns BE, Yaar Whee at a ah as Pe ets dB ad Real aa mt beset ek a 
HO ab M09 50635... tias. tee. aseek M8) eee. sales ob oe 
Loss on denition: 4.8 o-aoe ce ee eee Teel) pase Seles wee ee 
1. Loess from Honan, analyzed by Prof. BE. O. Wilson. 
2. Loess from Rhine Valley (Bischoff, Chemical Geology). 
8. Loess from Neubad, Switzerland (7-318). 
4. Memphis silt loam, Mississippi (Robinson, United States Department of Agriculture 
Bull. 551, 1917). 
5. Loess soil, Cherokee, Kans. (Bennett, Soils and Agriculture, 1921). 
6. “ Silt loam,’? Weeping Water (Alway, quoted 6-63). 
*See Andersson “ On the occurrence of fossil Struthionidae in China” (1-58). 
