436 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1926 
it had been in the field. Mr. Longstaff noted that in both sexes the 
scent varied considerably in strength; it seemed to him to be quite 
as strong in the females as in the males, though all three specimens 
in which the scent was strong enough to be obvious through the 
net were males. In one male Mr. Longstaff described the scent 
as not unpleasant. In five examples, four females and one male, it 
was described as pungent and compared to acetic acid. One female 
was noted as having a strong pungent odor of acetic acid, still 
pungent and distinct at home. The scent adhered to the fingers 
after pinching. Mr. Longstaff remarked that the scent in Huplea 
would appear to be more volatile than in the pierids or the danaids. 
From a series of observations he concluded that in H'uplea and in 
Danaus the scent which is common to both sexes whatever its source 
may be is independent of the genital tufts. 
In Luplea anymone var. kinbergi Mr. Longstaff noted the acety- 
lene scent in several males; once it was so strong as to be obvious 
as soon as the insect was in the net. 
In Luplea midamus the acetylene odor of a female was _ per- 
ceptible when it was in the net. Mr. R. Shelford wrote in a letter 
to Mr. Longstafi that he found the terminal tufts of a male of 
E.. mulciber to be sweetly scented. 
A male of Huplaa kollari examined by Mr. Longstaff had a slight 
peculiar and rather disagreeable scent. Of two males of the form 
sinhala from Ceylon (fig. 55, pl. 12) one had an acetylene odor, 
moderate in the field but slight at home, while the other had a mod- 
erate acetylene scent in the field, none in the house; but on pinching 
it again while it was still alive the terminal tufts were protruded, 
and there was a momentary strong acetylene scent. As Mr. Long- 
staff says, it does not follow necessarily that the scent emanated from 
the tufts. 
Five males of Zuplea montana all had a strong, or at any rate 
decided, acetylene odor in the field, at home either no scent at all, 
or at most a faint musty odor. “In one case the strong acetylene 
odor seemed to come from the upper surface of the body or wings, 
while there was a suspicion of a sweet scent (compared with some 
hesitation to sassafras) which seemed to come from the tufts.” Two 
living females yielded an odor of acetic acid, which in one persisted 
slightly after death. 
Mr. Wood-Mason said that in Huplwa rhadamanthus the eversible 
caudal tufts of the males are finely vanilla scented. 
Fritz Miiller found a rather disagreeable odor to be extremely 
strong in Lycorea, sp., and in Jtuna ilione. 
Among the southern relatives of our fritillaries a single male of 
Dione juno taken in Venezuela was found by Mr. Longstaff to have 
a slight stablelike odor, like that of our D. vandlle. 
