66 SALMON FISHERIES OF PACIFIC COAST. 



cooked, seasoned with spices, etc., and made into fish balls, a very 

 palatable dish when warmed over. 



In 1905 a Seattle concern began the manufacture of wienerwurst 

 sausages from halibut and salmon. 



The Indians in the Bristol Bay region of Alaska occasionally 

 dress the skins of salmon and make of them leather for the tops of 

 boots, also bags and other small articles. 



Every year immense quantities of salmon roe are thrown away 

 in the fisheries of the west coast, though there is but little doubt 

 that, if properly prepared, a market could be found for this now 

 waste part of the fish. In France there is a good market for a 

 product known as "rogue," which is the spawn of cod, haddock, 

 hake, and pollock salted in casks, and which is used as bait in the 

 sardine fisheries. Salmon spawn is the choicest and most successful 

 bait used on this coast, and if properly prepared would undoubtedly 

 answer the purpose as well, if not better, owing to its oiliness and 

 attractive color, than the regular "rogue." The roes should be 

 soaked for some days in old brine and then packed in strong casks 

 holding about 25 gallons each. It might also prove to be a good bait 

 for tolling mackerel on the Atlantic coast. 



In 1910 a considerable quantity of salmon roe was prepared in 

 Siberia and sold in competition with caviar, which is prepared from 

 sturgeon eggs. The product met with favor in Europe and several 

 Alaska firms are preparing to put it up in 1912. It should be pre- 

 pared in the same manner as caviar. 



Several establishments are putting up these eggs in jars and her- 

 metically sealed cans for use as bait in sport fishing. 



A product which was first made in Norway is prepared by means 

 of an invention which quickly dries and pulverizes the flesh of 

 fresh fish. The resulting powder, called " fish flour," is easy to 

 transport from one place to another and has great nutritive value. 

 It is probable that the tailpieces of the fish, which are at present 

 thrown away, and the cheaper grades of salmon might be prepared 

 in this way and thus furnish another market for salmon. 



OIL AND FERTILIZER. 



As early as 1888 there was a small plant at Astoria, Oreg., where 

 the refuse of the canneries was utilized for the manufacture of oil and 

 fertilizer. In that year 8,000 gallons of oil (chiefly from salmon 

 heads), and 90 tons of fertilizer were prepared. The oil was worth 

 22^ cents per gallon and the fertilizer had a market value of $20 

 per ton. Most of the refuse was dumped into the river, however. 

 In 1898 a similar plant was established in the Puget Sound district 



