﻿MENHADEN 
  INDUSTRY 
  OF 
  THE 
  ATLANTIC 
  COAST. 
  9 
  

  

  of 
  the 
  rest 
  was 
  taken 
  in 
  pound 
  nets 
  fished 
  in 
  Raritan 
  Bay, 
  N. 
  J., 
  and 
  

   converted 
  into 
  scrap 
  at 
  a 
  factory 
  located 
  at 
  Port 
  Monmouth, 
  in 
  the 
  

   same 
  State. 
  Some 
  were 
  also 
  caught 
  in 
  pound 
  nets 
  in 
  New 
  York 
  and 
  

   Virginia. 
  Only 
  one 
  factory, 
  one 
  of 
  the 
  smaller 
  ones 
  in 
  North 
  Caro- 
  

   lina 
  and 
  probably 
  the 
  smallest 
  on 
  the 
  entire 
  coast, 
  depends 
  entirely 
  

   on 
  the 
  shore 
  fisheries 
  for 
  its 
  sup})ly 
  of 
  fish; 
  their 
  apparatus 
  consists 
  

   of 
  gill 
  nets 
  175 
  to 
  200 
  yards 
  long, 
  5 
  feet 
  deep, 
  with 
  H-inch 
  mesh. 
  

   They 
  are 
  fished 
  from 
  small 
  sailboats 
  having 
  a 
  capacity 
  of 
  about 
  7,000 
  

   fish 
  each 
  and 
  carrying 
  one 
  man 
  each. 
  

  

  The 
  purse 
  seines 
  in 
  general 
  use 
  are 
  about 
  135 
  to 
  200 
  fathoms 
  long, 
  

   9 
  to 
  10 
  fathoms 
  deep, 
  with 
  If-inch 
  mesh; 
  the 
  size 
  of 
  the 
  twine 
  used 
  for 
  

   knittmg 
  them 
  varies 
  in 
  the 
  different 
  parts 
  according 
  to 
  the 
  tension 
  to 
  

   be 
  applied, 
  the 
  heaviest 
  being 
  in 
  that 
  part 
  called 
  the 
  "bunt" 
  for 
  the 
  

   reason 
  that 
  it 
  bears 
  practically 
  all 
  the 
  weight 
  of 
  the 
  fish 
  when 
  the 
  

   seine 
  is 
  pursed 
  ; 
  this 
  consists 
  of 
  a 
  square 
  of 
  400 
  to 
  500 
  meshes 
  in 
  the 
  

   center 
  of 
  the 
  net 
  and 
  it 
  is 
  made 
  of 
  no. 
  15 
  and 
  no. 
  18 
  cotton 
  twine. 
  

   The 
  other 
  parts 
  of 
  the 
  net 
  are 
  made 
  of 
  no. 
  20-9 
  and 
  no. 
  20-1 
  2 
  twine. 
  

   The 
  cork 
  and 
  ring 
  lines 
  at 
  the 
  top 
  and 
  bottom, 
  respectively, 
  are 
  both 
  

   no. 
  12 
  thread, 
  right; 
  there 
  are 
  two 
  additional 
  lines, 
  no. 
  9 
  thread, 
  left, 
  

   to 
  which 
  the 
  seine 
  is 
  hung. 
  These 
  run 
  parallel 
  to 
  the 
  cork 
  and 
  ring 
  

   luies 
  the 
  entire 
  length 
  of 
  the 
  net 
  and 
  are 
  lashed 
  to 
  these 
  lines 
  at 
  

   regular 
  intervals. 
  

  

  The 
  four 
  fines 
  indicated 
  above 
  are 
  all 
  manila 
  rope. 
  The 
  purse 
  line 
  

   is 
  no. 
  36 
  thread, 
  Russian 
  hemp, 
  about 
  150 
  fathoms 
  long. 
  The 
  brass 
  

   rmgs 
  through 
  which 
  the 
  purse 
  line 
  passes 
  are 
  4 
  mches 
  diameter, 
  

   weigh 
  1^ 
  pounds, 
  and 
  cost 
  50 
  cents 
  each; 
  these 
  are 
  suspended 
  from 
  

   the 
  lower 
  line 
  on 
  beckets 
  or 
  loops 
  each 
  6 
  to 
  12 
  inches 
  long 
  and 
  3 
  J 
  to 
  5 
  

   fathoms 
  apart. 
  The 
  final 
  rings 
  are 
  placed 
  about 
  10 
  fathoms 
  from 
  the 
  

   ends 
  of 
  the 
  net. 
  In 
  order 
  that 
  the 
  center 
  of 
  the 
  net 
  may 
  be 
  located, 
  

   the 
  " 
  rmg 
  " 
  placed 
  at 
  that 
  point 
  is 
  shaped 
  more 
  hke 
  a 
  stirrup, 
  so 
  that 
  it 
  

   may 
  easily 
  be 
  distmguished 
  from 
  the 
  others. 
  The 
  corks 
  vary 
  in 
  size 
  

   from 
  3 
  to 
  4^ 
  inches 
  in 
  diameter, 
  the 
  larger 
  ones 
  being 
  placed 
  at 
  and 
  

   near 
  the 
  center 
  of 
  the 
  seine 
  m 
  bunches 
  of 
  three 
  or 
  four 
  quite 
  close 
  

   together, 
  so 
  arranged 
  because 
  the 
  greatest 
  weight 
  is 
  on 
  that 
  part 
  

   when 
  the 
  net 
  is 
  pursed 
  ; 
  the 
  smaller 
  corks 
  are 
  toward 
  the 
  ends 
  of 
  the 
  

   net 
  and 
  placed 
  farther 
  apart 
  than 
  the 
  others. 
  From 
  2,200 
  to 
  3,200 
  

   corks, 
  costing 
  from 
  $30 
  to 
  $45 
  per 
  thousand, 
  are 
  used 
  on 
  a 
  purse 
  seine. 
  

   The 
  beckets, 
  to 
  which 
  the 
  "hank" 
  Imes 
  on 
  the 
  gunwale 
  of 
  the 
  steamer 
  

   are 
  made 
  fast 
  for 
  the 
  purpose 
  of 
  holding 
  the 
  net 
  close 
  to 
  the 
  vessel 
  

   when 
  the 
  fish 
  are 
  being 
  transferred, 
  are 
  arranged 
  along 
  the 
  top 
  of 
  the 
  

   net 
  at 
  the 
  center 
  of 
  the 
  bunt 
  at 
  intervals 
  of 
  about 
  2 
  feet; 
  there 
  are 
  20 
  

   to 
  24 
  beckets, 
  each 
  about 
  1 
  foot 
  long. 
  To 
  prevent 
  rottmg, 
  the 
  top 
  

   and 
  bottom 
  lines 
  are 
  tarred, 
  but 
  the 
  purse 
  line 
  is 
  not 
  so 
  treated, 
  

   because 
  it 
  would 
  become 
  too 
  stiff 
  and 
  consequently 
  difficult 
  to 
  handle; 
  

   for 
  the 
  same 
  reason 
  the 
  net 
  is 
  tarred 
  but 
  once, 
  and 
  that 
  when 
  new. 
  

  

  