﻿Races 
  of 
  African 
  Ungulates. 
  33 
  

  

  in 
  the 
  type, 
  but 
  parallel 
  or 
  even 
  converging 
  in 
  other 
  speci- 
  

   mens. 
  Pedicle 
  of 
  horn 
  short, 
  less 
  erected 
  than 
  in 
  tschadensis 
  ; 
  

   angle 
  formed 
  by 
  pedicle 
  and 
  middle 
  portion 
  smaller 
  than 
  

   in 
  tschadensis, 
  but 
  distinctly 
  less 
  than 
  in 
  the 
  Nile 
  forms, 
  

   B. 
  I. 
  lelwel 
  and 
  B. 
  I. 
  roosevelti. 
  

  

  Dimensioris 
  of 
  type 
  skull. 
  Basal 
  length 
  377 
  mm. 
  ; 
  greatest 
  

   length 
  477; 
  palatal 
  length 
  215; 
  zygomatic 
  width 
  126; 
  

   postorbital 
  width 
  129 
  ; 
  occipital 
  width 
  120 
  ; 
  length 
  of 
  

   nasals 
  213 
  ; 
  length 
  of 
  upper 
  tooth-row 
  (alv.) 
  94*6 
  ; 
  distance 
  

   from 
  first 
  premolar 
  to 
  gnathion 
  137 
  ; 
  horns, 
  length 
  along 
  

   curve 
  443, 
  greatest 
  width 
  210, 
  

  

  Although 
  nearer 
  to 
  B. 
  I. 
  tschadensis, 
  this 
  new 
  race 
  is 
  some- 
  

   what 
  intermediate 
  between 
  the 
  Chad 
  form 
  and 
  the 
  races 
  of 
  

   the 
  eastern 
  Sudan. 
  It 
  is, 
  however, 
  less 
  red 
  than 
  either 
  of 
  

   the 
  latter, 
  and 
  has 
  more 
  erect 
  horn-pedicles, 
  which 
  still 
  more 
  

   approach 
  the 
  type 
  found 
  in 
  B. 
  I. 
  tschadensis, 
  from 
  which 
  it 
  

   is 
  easily 
  distinguished 
  by 
  its 
  smaller 
  size 
  and 
  darker, 
  more 
  

   reddish 
  colour. 
  

  

  Bubalis 
  major 
  invadens, 
  subsp. 
  n. 
  

  

  Type 
  locality. 
  Garua, 
  Benue 
  River, 
  A.daraaua. 
  

  

  Ti/pe. 
  (^ 
  old. 
  Senckenberg 
  Museum. 
  Journal 
  no. 
  408 
  

   (skull). 
  

  

  Skull. 
  Forehead 
  slightly 
  convex, 
  but 
  not 
  so 
  much 
  bent 
  

   upwards 
  as 
  in 
  B. 
  m. 
  major. 
  Jugal 
  generally 
  broad, 
  but 
  its 
  

   anterior 
  margin 
  not 
  square 
  as 
  in 
  B. 
  m. 
  major 
  and 
  B. 
  m. 
  

   matschiei, 
  and 
  gradually 
  passing 
  into 
  the 
  masseteric 
  crest 
  of 
  

   the 
  maxilla. 
  

  

  Horns. 
  Rather 
  wide 
  and 
  strongly 
  laid 
  backwards. 
  Angle 
  

   formed 
  by 
  tips 
  and 
  middle 
  })ortion 
  very 
  large 
  ; 
  middle 
  por- 
  

   tion 
  short, 
  almost 
  not 
  twisted, 
  generally 
  straight 
  and 
  scarcely 
  

   converging. 
  Tips 
  long, 
  thick, 
  parallel 
  or 
  slightly 
  divergent. 
  

  

  This 
  race 
  has 
  much 
  stronger 
  horns 
  than 
  B. 
  m. 
  major, 
  the 
  

   middle 
  portion 
  of 
  which 
  is 
  less 
  twisted 
  ; 
  the 
  skull 
  differs 
  

   conspicuously 
  in 
  the 
  configuration 
  of 
  the 
  forehead 
  and 
  jugal. 
  

   A 
  large 
  series 
  of 
  skulls 
  from 
  Ibi 
  and 
  Zungeru, 
  N.Nigeria, 
  

   have 
  been 
  examined 
  in 
  the 
  British 
  Museum, 
  a 
  more 
  detailed 
  

   account 
  of 
  which 
  will 
  be 
  published 
  later. 
  

  

  Dimensions 
  of 
  type 
  skull. 
  Basal 
  length 
  419 
  mm.; 
  greatest 
  

   length 
  521 
  ; 
  palatal 
  length 
  252 
  ; 
  zygomatic 
  width 
  133 
  ; 
  

   postorbital 
  width 
  142 
  ; 
  occipital 
  width 
  138 
  ; 
  length 
  of 
  

   nasals 
  235 
  ; 
  length 
  of 
  upper 
  tooth-row 
  (alv.) 
  108 
  ; 
  distance 
  

   from 
  first 
  premolar 
  to 
  gnathion 
  152 
  ; 
  horns, 
  length 
  along 
  

   curve 
  475 
  (tips 
  worn), 
  greatest 
  width 
  310, 
  distance 
  of 
  

   tips 
  228. 
  

  

  Ann. 
  i& 
  Mag. 
  N. 
  Hist. 
  Ser. 
  8. 
  Vol. 
  xiii. 
  3 
  

  

  