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INTRODUCTION. 



The Forest variety, of which semi-wild repesentatives occur in 

 Iceland and certain other outlying- areas, includes forms in which 

 the face is short and broad and nearly in a line with the cranium 

 as in the elk of Norway, the okapi of Tropical Africa and the 

 very primitive three-toed Miocene horse (HypohiiJ'pus), which like 

 the elk and okapi was a forest form, adapted for browsing on trees, 

 shrubs and tall grasses. 



Photo hy-\ [M. H. H. 



Y\g. 4. — A Highland pony, with the short neck, long body, round quarters, tied-in 



elbows, short legs and broad hoofs of the forest variety. 



(From Hayes" " Points of the Horse.") 



The Plateau variety includes slender-limbed forms (originally 

 adapted for a free life on open plains) without ergots and hind 

 chestnuts. This variety, especially characterized by a narrow face 

 and a long neck, is represented by horses occasionally met with 

 on the Mexican plateaus, by the Celtic pony of North- Western 

 Europe, and the somewhat specialized forms included in Prof. 

 Kidgeway's variety {E. c. lihycus). 



Members of these three varieties differ in many respects. In 



