INTRODUCTION. xiii 



the Steppe variety the outline of the face is convex, i.e., there is 

 a ram-headed or " Roman-nosed " condition ; in the Forest variety 

 the face is concave (dished) for some distance below the eye, but 

 arched near the muzzle so as to form an elk-like nose and upper 

 lip; in the Plateau variety the outline of the face is slightly 

 concave or nearly straight, and thus we have a flat-nosed condition. 



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Photo by] [M. H. H. 



Fig- 5.— Prof. Ewart's most typical yellow-dun pony of the Celtic type in summer coat, 

 with the mane removed. In winter there is a bunch of hair (taillock) at the root of the 

 tail. The head is narrow, the ears small, and the eyes large and prominent. All the 

 ergots, as well as the hind chestnuts, are absent. 



(From Hayes' " Points of the Horse.") 



In the Steppe horse the eyes, lateral in position, are far from 

 the nostrils, but relatively near the decidedly long ears; in 

 the Forest horse the eyes may be so prominent that the 

 wide space between them (the brow) is concave ; further, the 

 eyes being nearly midway between the top of the head and 

 the nostrils, are relatively far from the ears, which are broad 

 and wider apart than in the Steppe type. In the Plateau horse the 

 ears are small and near each other, the eyes are large, full and 



