ALASKA FISHERIES AND FUR INDUSTRIES, 1911. 71 



ent, for their own use. This appeared to be an equitable recognition 

 of the natives' privileges. 



The following regulations governing the reserved waters were estab- 

 lished and promulgated March 21, 1912, by the Secretary of Com- 

 merce and Labor: 



1. No person or persons other than the natives of Afognak Island now resident thereon 

 will be permitted to fish in the reserved waters. 



2. Licenses for fishing will be granted to the said natives upon application to the 

 Secretary of Commerce and Labor or such representative of the Department of Com- 

 merce and Labor as may from time to time be designated by the Secretary' . 



3. The kinds and amounts of apparatus to be used, the places where and the manner 

 in which it may be operated, and the time when it may be employed, will be deter- 

 mined by the Secretary of Commerce and Labor and will be subject to changes or 

 modifications from time to time at his discretion. 



PRIVATE ESTABLISHMENTS. 

 FORTMANN HATCHERY, 



The largest establishment in the world for hatching salmon is the 

 Fortmann hatchery of the Alaska Packers Association, located some 

 8 miles from Loring. The capacity of the station is normally reck- 

 oned at 110,000,000. The older wing of the hatchery is 24 by 240 

 feet while the new wing is 32 by 280 feet. There are various smaller 

 buildings lor housing the employees and for other needful purposes. 

 All buildings are lighted by electricity, and the hatchery is heated by 

 steam. A well-equipped sawmill is a valuable part of the station's 

 equipment, and a tramway several miles long establishes communi- 

 cation with navigable salt water. A telephone line is maintained to 

 Loring, 8 miles, and thence 22 miles to Ketchikan. 



The station is unusually well supplied with water, having four dis- 

 tinct sources, any one of which is sufficient ordinarily, barring acci- 

 dent, to meet all requirements. A pipe line to a series of springs 

 about 3+ miles from the station is the most recent addition to the 

 water-supply system, involving an outlay which has been quite he: ,vy, 

 because the contour of the country made necessary a number of exten- 

 sive trestles in some places and deep cuts in others. Another supply 

 is received by means of a flume one-half mile long from the creek 

 near the hatchery. A third source is a series of small springs just 

 back of the hatchery, and fourth, a large pump operated by steam 

 draws water from a well near the creek. 



A peculiar feature of the arrangement of the hatchery troughs is 

 that they are placed end to end in series 13 and 15 troughs long in 

 the old and new wings of the hatchery, respectively. In other words, 

 the water passing in at the head flows through 13 troughs in the one 

 instance and 15 in the other. Ordinarily, water is not conducted 

 through more than 3 or at the most 4 troughs. The water at the 

 9275°— 13 24 



