FUR-SEAL INDUSTRY. 95 
therefore the 515 supposed to have been killed as 2-year-olds in 1913 are restored to the 
3-year-old class of that year. 
Five-year-old males.—This class was subjected to pelagic sealing in 1911. Therefore 
the losses of 50 and 15 per cent applied to it for the first two years in the 1914 census 
may be allowed to stand. 
The 1914 investigation deducted 541 from this class supposed to have been killed 
as 2-year-olds in 1912. The basis of the calculatign was the skin weight which is now 
known to express no age relation. As the number of males killed from the present 
6-year-old class does not enter into the computation of the number of that class it is 
not necessary to do anything further than restore the number to the present 5-year-old 
class. But it is necessary to deduct from this year’s 5-year-old class 515 seals killed 
in 1913. Therefore, taking the figures of the 1914 investigation down to 1912 we have 
at the close of that year 13,954 2-year-old males. Since no pelagic sealing was done, 
only 4 per cent should be deducted for mortality the third year. This leaves 13,396 
3-year-olds at the beginning of the 1913 season; 2,125 were killed, leaving 11,271 at the 
close of that year. As the loss at sea the two succeeding winters is unknown and can 
not be large, no deductions are made. Therefore the latter may be taken as repre- 
senting the number of 5-year-old males in the herd of 1915. Other evidence goes to 
show that the actual number is, if anything, greater than this figure. 
Bachelor and half-bull counts —A simultaneous count of hauling-ground seals on all 
the rookeries could not be made in 1915 as in 1914 because of the shortage of assistance. 
The seals on the hauling grounds were counted, however, at the time of the height-of- 
‘season harem counts. The fact that these extended over a period of five days on St. 
Paul Island and two dayson St. George does not alter the result appreciably, because the 
number of seals on any hauling ground at that season isa comparatively constant figure. 
During the days of commercial killing it was believed that about one-fifth of these 
classes were on land at one time. The results obtained by using this proportion as a 
basis for determining the number of 2, 3, 4, and 5 year old males présent fully sustain 
the results secured when computing these classes by the method of applying the per- 
centages of loss used in 1915 to the numbers born. 
CoMPLETE CENSUS oF FUR SEALS IN 1915. 
ipa es Per count, JUly. 24 tO mle «21s. oie Lek Ss oes de Se eee 108, 527 
isrecdina/cows.ja yeats Of age ANd OVEr = = 2s oko cc ety ute ota ine cient eee 103, 527 
Bulls, in active charge of harems as per counts, July 17-21. ...............-. 2,151 
Idle bulls, in position for harem service but without cows, as per counts. July 
Beer Neuse sts a! 52S. ce a ent Net ene Le SEEN phys Jabs dU SOI base 673 
Yearlings, male and female: 
Ue so Lac at 0 Be RM 5 3, 250 
Deduction of 35 per cent for natural mortality in first year... _. 32, 637 
Penni ines tee AQ baie s oie eco is cet ee Se ne PU Ie ele yh 60, 613 
2-year-olds, male and female: 
Parea siege Us Gawe ee 2 2 ae ee 92, 269 
Deduction of 35 per cent for natural mortality in first year... .- 32, 294 
Yearlings, both sexes, in 1914. os Pe yd? AOONORD 
Deduction of 20 per cent for natural aaa in eed year. 11, 995 
2-year-olds, both sexes, in 1915.........:......... Be eee 47, 980 
3-year-old males: 
aera eMOntiS TIL QL Ds hee tC gag Ns Sete bad nes Dawe oe Se 81, 984 
Deduction of 35 per cent for natural mortality in first year... - 28, 694 
Woarhuge, both-sexes, in.1913. .-.. 2... 2-2-2. ee. 53, 290 
