PACIFIC COD FISHERIES. 719 
10. The kenching in the storeroom should permit a circulation of air and 
not cause dead air spaces. The kench racks should be steamed or sprayed after 
each period of use. 
11. The walls, posts, and floors should be sprayed often, once a week during 
the cool season and twice a week during the summer. 
12° Treading the fish in drums should be prohibited. Workingmen coming in 
from the street in their dirty shoes obviously should not be allowed to tread 
the fish in the packing operation. A mechanical appliance would accomplish 
the same purpose in a cleanly manner. 
13. The boxes used in carrying the fish from the storeroom to the skinning 
loft and from the tables to the cutters and packers should be washed each day. 
14. The skinning or cutting tables should not have shelves or boxes beneath 
to catch bits of skin or fish. They should be well washed each evening. The 
simple brushing with a hand broom is not sufficient. The floor should be 
cleaned often. 
15. All refuse should be removed from the room promptly. Bits of fish in 
barrels and boxes act only as incubators to perpetuate the infection. 
16. The finished product should be held in a reasonably cool place in summer, 
and when shipped it should be handled under proper temperature conditions as 
are other meat products. 
17. All new construction or remodeling should make ample provision for 
light. Many of the present structures are too dark. 
18. All rubbish, as barrels, hoops, staves, waste, etc., should be removed from 
the flake yards and docks. 
19. Concentrated sulphurous acid should be used as a disinfectant when 
steam is not available. One part of the acid to 50 parts of water is effectual 
where much reddening has occurred, and 1 part to 200 parts of water will be 
effective in preventing growth if used often.¢ 
BROWN MOLD. 
Brown mold, which forms brown, frecklelike spots on partly 
dried fish, occurs but rarely on this coast. It occurs usually on old 
fish, but may be found on comparatively fresh fish also. The fungus 
affects both sides of the fish, even covering the fins and tail. When it 
is found on comparatively fresh fish, they are scrubbed with a brush 
in running water, after which they are powdered. But little atten- 
tion is paid to this fungus by the packers. 
THE INDUSTRY IN 1915. 
PERSONS EMPLOYED. 
The following table shows the persons employed in the various 
branches of the industry and their nationality. California leads 
Washington in the total number of persons employed by a slight mar- 
gin. The latter State leads, however, in the number of fisherme:) em- 
ployed. The whites vastly outnumber the other employees, only 15 
Indians and 16 Japanese being employed out of a total number of 
2United States Bureau of Chemistry Bulletin no. 133, p. 61-63. 
