EXPLORATIONS, WESTERN ATLANTIC, STEAMER BACHE, 1914. 25 
general approach of the water of the abyss toward the surface, from 
about latitude 30° toward the Equator, is one of the most essential 
features of oceanic temperature and one of the most significant in its 
bearing on the general system of oceanic circulation.? 
It is interesting that while the 600-meter temperatures of the Bache 
agree very well with earlier records, the warmest water west and north- 
west of Bermuda being 16.3°-16.5°, as against 16.8° as given by Schott 
(1902), at 1,000 meters the Bache records are notably warmer, 13° as 
against 8.2°, according to Schott (1902, 1912)—that is to say, the 
Fia. 21.—Salinity at 1,000 meters. 
abyss water was farther from the surface—and even at 600 meters the 
area of 6° water extended farther to the south (to about 28° north 
latitude) than it is represented by Schott (about 31° north latitude), 
though hardly as far to the westward. Otherwise, the Bache and 
Valdwia charts agree very well for this level. Even at 1,000 meters, 
the geographic location of the absolute maximum is very nearly 
the same in Schott’s chart as in our own. In short, the work of 
the Bache corroborates in general the earlier temperature records; 
but the salinities are a distinct addition to oceanography, there 
a For an excellent account of this phenomenon, see Schott (1912), p. 130, 
