52 EXPLORATIONS, WESTERN ATLANTIC, STEAMER BACHE, 1914. 
Foundland. But whether the water thus manufactured tends to 
sink, or float, depends on the density resulting from the precise 
temperature and salinity at any given locality, compared to that of 
the upper 300 meters or so in the warmer, but salter, water east of it. 
And, unfortunately, the relative densities of the two, off our coasts, 
are only known off Chesapeake Bay, and along a profile some 40 miles 
Stations 
ie 44 45 46 
va 
Meter | <a 
500 
Fic. 51.—Temperature profile across the continental shelf off Chesapeake Bay, January, 1916 (Roosevelt 
Stations 8442, 8443, 8444, 8445, 8446). 
east of Cape Cod, run by the Grampus in July, 1914, none of our 
other profiles across the slope having reached the undiluted ocean 
water. The density of the mixed water, however, is fairly well known 
for the suminer season from Chesapeake Bay to Nova Scotia (Bige- 
low, 1915). But comparison between the two waters may fairly be 
extended beyond these actual records, for it is safe to assume that 
