M. Griess on Phenylic Alcohol. 129 



tions, and proceeding as in the preparation of nitrophenic acid. 

 When about half the Hquid is distilled off, the residue in the 

 retort is filtered while hot ; on cooling, drops of the new acid 

 are deposited. A resinous mass remaining on the sides of the 

 retort is exhausted with boiling water, the filtered aqueous solu- 

 tion mixed with excess of caustic soda, by which a yellow cry- 

 stalline precipitate of isonitrophenate of soda is obtained. The 

 acid is obtained by dissolving the purified soda salt in warm 

 water and adding hydrochloric acid. On cooling, the liquid 

 becomes turbid, and then filled with a mass of fine needles. 



These needles are quite colourless : they are very soluble in 

 ether, and are obtained on evaporation from an etherial solution 

 in large crystals with a fatty aspect and a reddish-yellow colour. 

 These appear to constitute a dimorphous modification of the 

 colourless needles. On evaporating the aqueous solution of the 

 coloured crystals, the colourless needles arc again obtained. 

 The needles again become coloured by the action of light. 



Isonitrophcnic acid fuses at 110°, under water it fuses at 40'' 

 or 50°. It volatilizes partially below its fusing-point. It forms 

 acid and neutral salts, but must be regarded as a monobasic 

 acid, for it only forms one kind of ether. Isonitrophcnic ether 

 crystallizes in colourless prisms very soluble in ether. 



Some further derivatives of phenylic alcohol have been de- 

 scribed by Griess*. 



Dinitrochloropheni/Uc acid, C'^ H3(NO''y2 ClO^—Chlorine is 

 passed for some time into phenylic alcohol ; the resultant chlori- 

 nated product is mixed gradually with three times its bulk of 

 strong nitric acid: the action begins in the cold, and is accom- 

 panied by disengagement of red fume?:, and of an odour resem- 

 bling cliloro))icrine. "When the action is over, the oil is washed 

 to remove oxalic acid, and then treated with aqueous ammonia, 

 by wiiich it solidifies to a mass of crystals consisting of dinitro- 

 phenylate of ammonia. The free acid is obtained by treating a 

 boiling solution of this salt, purified by frequent recrystallization, 

 with nitric acid, by which the acid is set free in beautiful golden- 

 yellow laminae. It is more soluble in alcohol and ether than in 

 water. It dissolves in strong sulphuric, hydrochloric, and nitric 

 acids, and is separated by the addition of water. 



The dinitrochlorophenylates are distinguished by the great 

 beauty of their crystals : they all dissolve with difficulty in water, 

 aiuJ are deposited from a hot aqueous solution, on cooling, in 

 reddish or yellowish crystals. I)initrochlorophenylate of silver, 

 AgO, C'MI'''C1(N0'')2 0, when crystallized from water, is ob- 



* Liebig's Armnlen, March 1859. 



Phil. May. S. 4. Vol. 18. No. 118. Aug. 1859. K 



