On the Action of Nitric Acid on the Organic Bases. 137 



water) until the reaction began, which was immediately stopped by 

 adding cold water to the solution. This was filtered when cold 

 from the nitropheuasic acid, and after })otash had been added, it 

 was again filtered to separate any undecomposed araylaniline. The 

 filtrate was distilled, the distillate redistilled j)<^>' ascensum into 

 hydrochloric acid, and the acid solution evaporated to dryness. 

 The residue was then extracted with absolute alcohol, and the fil- 

 trate evaporated to dryness. This operation was repeated four or 

 five times. A platinum-salt* made with the chloride, which was 

 soluble in absolute alcohol, gave 33"55 per cent, platinum. The 

 chloroplatinate of amylamine requires 33' G6 per cent. The plati- 

 num-salt of that chloride which was insoluble in absolute alcohol 

 gave 43'9 per cent, platinum. The chloroplatinate of ammonia 

 requires 44*2 per cent. 



The abo^e reaction may be explained as follows : — 



C,oH„ lN-|-H,0,-fN03lI0= H I N-t-C,.II, 0,-|-NO,HO 



H J ■ ■ H J 



and 



H I N-t-H.,0., + NO,IIO=H \ N + C,oH,,0,,+NOJIO. 

 H J " ■ hJ 



The free nitric acid present converts the phenylic alcohol into 

 nitropheuasic acid, and the amylic alcohol into nitrite of amyle. 



3. Action of Nitric Acid on Ethylaniline. 



Ethylaniline was treated in the same manner as amylaniline. The 

 platinum-salt of the chloride which was soluble in absolute alcohol 

 gave iu two experiments 39'6 and 39"5 per cent, platinum. The 

 percentage of platinum in chloroplatinate of ethylamine is 39'3. 



The platinum-salt of the chloride which was insoluble in abso- 

 lute alcohol gave 44 per cent, platinum, which agrees with the 

 number required for the chloroplatinate of ammonia. 



4 . Action of Nitric Acid on Biethylaniline. 

 Diethylaniline was treated with dilute nitric acid (1 part of acid to 



4 of water), and heated till the temperature reached 54° C, when, 

 on being left to itself, it soon became turbid, and the temperature 

 rose about 10° C. After a while the solution cleared itself again, 

 but remained very dark. "When quite cold, it was filtered from the 

 nitrophenasic acid, and the' filtrate was treated in the same manner 

 as described in Experiment 2. The solution of the chlorides (5-6 

 grms. were obtained from about 50 of diethylaniline), which were 

 soluble in absolute alcohol, was partially precipitated with bichloride 

 of platinum (precipitate No. 1); then another j)ortion was preeijn- 

 tated, which was not used ; after this, more bichloride was added 

 (precipitate No. 2) ; and lastly, an excess of bichloride was added 



* All tlic platinum-salts determined were rccrystallizcd in water. 



