64 Royal Society : — 



la the conception of the above view, I have endeavoured to spUt 

 the two bodies in question according to the equations — 



a„H,,N,0, = C,,H,N + C„H,NO„ 



and 



Carbanilide, Phenylamine. Cyanate of 



Diplienyle-carbamide. pheuyle. 



Sulphocarbanilide, Phenylamine Sulphocyanide 

 Piphenyle-sulphocarbamide. of phenyle. 



suggested by analogous changes of urea and sulphocyanide of 

 ammonium : — 



C, IT, N, O, = H3 N + C, H N 0„ 



Urea. Cyanic acid. 



C, H, N, S,= H3 N + C, H N S, 



Sulphocyanide Ilydrosulphocyanic 



of ammonium. acid. 



These reactions succeed without much difficulty. On submitting 

 carbanilide and sulphocarbanilide to the action of agents capable of 

 fixing aniline (anhydrous phosphoric acid, chloride of zinc, and even 

 hydrochloric acid gas), the former yields cyanate of phenyle, a sub- 

 stance which I discovered many years ago among the products of 

 decomposition of oxamelauile*, while the latter fmniishes a remark- 

 able body, sulphocyanide of phenyle, which had not been previously 

 obtained. 



The general features of cyanate of phenyle having been delineated 

 in a former memoir, I have for the present been chiefly engaged with 

 the examination of sulphocyanide of phenyle. This body, which is 

 readily obtained in a state of absolute purity by rectification over 

 anhydrous phosphoric acid, is a colourless transparent liquid of 

 ri35 density at \b°-b, and of a perfectly constant boiling-point at 

 222° C. under a pressure of 0™*762. The odour is aromatic and 

 pungent ; it distantly resembles that of mustard ; the body in 

 question is in fact the mustard oil of the phenyle-series. 



Mustard oil, sulphocyanide of allyle Cg H5NS2=Cc H^, C^NS^. 

 Sulphocyanide of phenyle C,, H^ N S,=Ci, H^, C^ N S,. 



Sulphocyanide of phenyle may be distilled with water, and even 

 with hydrochloric acid, without undergoing any change. The al- 

 kalies, on the other hand, decompose it. Boiled with an alcoholic 

 solution of potassa, it is first converted into sulphocarbanilide, and 

 ultimately into carbanilide. 



* Journal of the Chemical Society, vol. ii. 313. 



