Royal Sociehj. -IM 



under much simpler conditions. In fact apatites and Wag- 

 nerites become volatile, at a slightly elevated temperature, in 

 the vapour of the metaUic chlorides in the midst of which 

 they are formed. We have thus been able to distil at a red 

 heat Wagnerite in the vapour of chloride of magnesium ; and 

 the volatilized crystals, which were analysed, had the consti- 

 tution of the primitive substance. Apatite also volatilizes in the 

 vapour of chloride of calcium ; and by using carbon vessels we 

 have obtained beautiful crystals of sublimed apatite. This sin- 

 gular phenomenon may be classed with certain well-known facts, 

 such as the volatilization of boracic acid in aqueous vapour, of 

 sulphide of boron in sulphuretted hydrogen, &c. It appears 

 evident that these phsenomena are not purely mechanical ; and 

 when they have been studied, they may contribute to explain 

 various facts of natm-e. 



XXL Proceedings of Learned Societies. 



ROYAL SOCIETY. 



[Continued from p. 7^-] 



June 17, 1858. — The Lord Wrottesley, President, in the Chair. 

 npHE following communications were read : — 

 -*- "Action of Bichloride of Carbon on Aniline." By A. W. 

 Hofmann, Ph.D., F.R.S. 



In two former notes I have described the deportment of aniline as 

 the prototype of primary monamines with the bromine- and chlorine- 

 compounds of biatomic and triatomic radicals. It was found that 

 under the influence of these agents, two equivalents of aniline coalesce 

 to a more complex molecule, retaining the chemical character of the 

 constituents ; the action of bibromide of ethylene and chloroform 

 producing respectively — 



Diethylene-diphenyl-diamine C3, H^^ N,= | K' ^\ j N,. 



r(crH)"'] 



Formyl-diphenyl-diamine . . C.^Hi, N,= \ {C,.,B.,), \ N,. 



The result of these experiments led me to examine the behaviour 

 of aniline under the influence of organic chlorides containing even a 

 larger number of chlorine equivalents. The agent selected was the 

 body well known by the name of bichloride of carbon, i. e. tetra- 

 chlorinettcd marsh-gas, or chloroform, in which the residuary 

 equivalent of hydrogen is rej)laced by chlorine. 



Aniline and bichloride of carbon do not act upon each other at the 

 common teniperature ; at the temperature of boiUng water a change 

 is percej)tible, but even after several days' exposure the reaction is 

 far from being complete. On submitting, however, a mixture of 

 3^ parts by weight of aniline and 1 part of bichloride of carbon, 



K2 



