M.-Schwanert on Derivatives of Hippuric Acid. 119 
He has examined the body discovered by Fittig; he prepared 
it by the same method, and his description of its properties agrees 
with that of Fittig. He finds that, according to the conditions 
of its crystallization, it forms either long prismatic needles or 
thick plates. On account of its property of crystallizing in large 
plates, he names it pinakone (mivak, aplate). Stadeler’s analyses 
of the body lead to the formula C!*H!?0?+14HO. He re- 
presents it as formed from acetone by the loss of oxygen in the 
following manner :— 
2(C® H® O?) +2 Na=2Na0+C! HH! 0?4+2H 
Acetone. Oxide of 
mesityle. 
2(C® Hé O?)4+ 2H = 2HO + C? H}? 0? 
Acetone. Pinakone. 
. The soda formed at the same time decomposes some acetone, 
producing several oily bodies which distil over with pinakone, 
and among which appears to be phorone. 
Schwanert* has investigated the action of pentachloride of 
phosphorus on hippuric acid. At ordinary temperatures there is 
no action; but when the mixture is gently warmed, hydrochloric 
acid is evolved, and a liquid distillate is obtained. The decom- 
position differs according to the proportions taken. When a 
mixture of one atom of hippuric acid with two atoms of penta- 
chloride is distilled in small quantities, oxychloride of phosphorus 
first passes over, followed by a colourless oily liquid which distils 
between 180°—200° C.; and at length a liquid passes over 
between 200° and 250°, which partially crystallizes. In the 
retort a solid insoluble mass is left. The distillate between 180° 
—200° consists of chloride of benzoyle, containing a small 
quantity of crystals which have the composition C1* H® Cl NO?: 
the crystals which distil over in the reaction consist chiefly of 
this substance. When pure they are colourless prisms, which 
fuse at 45°, distil at about 220° C., and crystallize on solidifying. 
They are distinguished by their great stability, which renders 
their investigation very difficult. Caustic potash is without 
action upon them. They form with hydrochloric acid a crystal- 
line compound, which readily gives up hydrochloric acid. Besides 
this body there is formed in the reaction a small quantity of an- 
other crystalline compound, which seems to be C!* H® Cl? NO?. 
They are both probably substitution products of a compound, 
C'® H7 NO?. 
Anhydrous sulphuric acid acts on hippuric acid, forming a 
clear brown solution. This is mixed with water, nearly neutral- 
* Liebig’s Annalen, October 1859. 
