Mr. Noad on the Action of Nitric Acid on Cymol. 15 



I may perhaps he permitted to add in coiichision, for the 

 information of those interested in such elementary matters, 

 that the statement in the former part of this paper, in reference 

 to the ease with which the exponential theorem may be derived 

 from the alcove expression involving co , is confirmed in a 

 comnuinication to the iVIeciianics' Magazine; in which also 

 will be found a short algebraical investigation of the develop- 



ment of the important function j^ — -. The Part of the Ma- 

 gazine containing the communication here alluded to, will 

 appear simultaneously with the present Number of this Jour- 

 nal. It is a publication which has of late devoted consideral)le 

 space to mathematical speculations, and is enriched with in- 

 teresting papers by Professor Davies, Mr. Cockle, and other 

 distinguished contributors to the Philosophical Magazine. 

 Belfast, Nov. ] 9, 1847. 



III. On the Action of Nitric Acid on Cymol. First Part. 

 By'U. M. Noad, Esq.* 



Formation of Toluylic and Nitroiolvylic Acids. 

 VY^E possess in benzoic acid and its derivatives a well-de- 

 fined group of substances connected in a variety of 

 ways with a large number of organic families. These inter- 

 esting bodies have been made subjects of investigation by 

 several chemists. The study has been a fascinating one, and 

 has resulted in a thorough development of their history, and 

 of the products of their decomposition. 



This group may be considered the prototype, as it were, of 

 several parallel groups, presenting a very close relation with 

 the composition of the benzoyle family. The careful study of 

 the former has gradually made these known to us, in the same 

 manner as the study of alcohol and its derivatives made us 

 acquainted with several corresponding classes of bodies. 



The methyle compounds, with which we have become fa- 

 miliar through the experiments of Dumas and Peligotf on 

 pyroxylic spirit, and the amyle series, the origin of which we 

 owe to the investigations of Cahours % on fusel oil, form two 

 groups, the analogy of which with the alcohol series can be 

 traced in every direction ; they differ in composition from the 

 former only by a multiple of Cg Hg, thus — 



no, Cg Hg = hydrated oxide of methyle. 



liO, C4 II5 = hydratcd oxide of cthyle. 



no, C,o liu = hydrated oxide of amyle. 



• Coinmiinicatecl hy tlie Chemical Society ; having been read June 7, 

 1847. 



t Lleh'xg's Annahn, xv. 1. + Ibid. xxx. 288. 



