516 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 19 3 5 



for this is that pottery is plentiful and readily obtained without the 

 expenditure of any great amount of effort or money. It is charac- 

 terized by easily recognizable differences in style and form and was 

 an exceedingly sensitive element from the standpoint of variations 

 both in time and place. Furthermore, when the first conference was 

 held, little was known about the houses and still less about other 

 factors for some of the early stages. The original summarized 

 classification has been so widely published that it need not be 

 repeated in detail.^^ 



For the benefit of those not thoroughly familiar with the subject 

 a brief consideration of certain elements in each horizon may help 

 to an understanding of the sequence. This summary includes not 

 only the material available when the nomenclature was adopted, but 

 data obtained since 1927 as well. Discussion of all of the compo- 

 nents of the complex for each subdivision is beyond the scope of the 

 present article, so only a few traits will be described. Since Basket 

 Maker I is only postulated, there is little to be said concerning it. 

 Theoretically it was a nonagricultural stage possessing in cruder, less 

 developed form some of the elements present in later levels. Actually 

 no traces of it have been found. A number of the discoveries made 

 in recent years which indicate human occupancy of the area at a com- 

 paratively remote date cannot be considered, on present evidence, to 

 represent the initial stage of the classification. These finds, Folsom,^^ 

 Gypsum Cave,^^ etc., thus far have not been shown to bear any rela- 

 tionship to the Basket Maker. The most significant factor in this 

 connection was the recent discovery by Dr. E. B. Howard of a Fol- 

 som type point in a level underlying a Basket Maker horizon.^* This 

 evidence indicates that the Folsom group was in the region earlier 

 than the Basket Makers. 



CRANIA 



Basket Maker II, undeformed, long scaphoid. Basket Maker III, unde- 

 formed, long scaphoid; undeformed round (actually more mesocephalic than 

 brachycephalic), are sometimes found in late sites. Pueblo I, deformed, both 

 long and round. Pueblo II, deformed, round in the majority but an occa- 

 sional long is noted. Pueblo III, deformed, preponderantly roimd, sporadic 

 long. Pueblo IV, deformed, mostly round, few long. Pueblo V, deformed 

 round and long. Undeformed round, occasional undeformed long. 



SANDALS ^° 



Basket Maker II, square toe with fringe, twined, woven of fine cord. Basket 

 Maker III, scalloped toe, woven of fine string, design in color on upper side, 

 woven pattern on under. Pueblo I, round toe, woven of fine string, coarse 



"Kidder, 1927; 1931, pp. 5-6: Roberts, 1929, pp. 3-7. 



"Roberts, 1935. 



"Harrington, 1933. 



"Howard, 1935, p. 78. 



" Guernsey and Kidder, 1921 ; Guernsey, 1931. 



