520 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 19 35 



implement (pi. 5). The beginning of spiral coil. In previous stages each 

 loop of clay had made only a single circuit, while in Pueblo II longer fillets 

 were employed and each made several turns around the wall.^° 



Pueblo III, gray ware, black on white, polychrome, black interior and red 

 exterior, black on red. Late in period the beginning of black on yellow, black 

 on orange. Fine texture, potsherd tempering as a rule. Designs characterized 

 by elaborate detail and careful execution. The era of marked specialization. 

 Pottery of various districts so typical that its place of origin may be recog- 

 nized immediately, whether Mimbres, Chaco Canyon, Kayenta, etc. Culinary 

 vessels covered over entire surface with finely indented corrugation. Contin- 

 uous spiral coil in manufacture.'" 



Pueblo IV, plain gray, plain yellowish, black on white, black on red, black 

 on yellow, black on orange, polychrome, glazed wares. Sand and potsherd tem- 

 pering. Elaborate designs, solid, heavy elements. Break-down in corrugation 

 on culinary vessels, beginning of return to smooth surfaced cooking pots'' 

 (Pl. 5). 



Pueblo V, modem painted wares of the Pueblos. Smooth surfaced culinary 

 vessels^ (pl. 5). 



OTHER TRAITS 



There are a number of traits which are more or less distinctive to one period 

 or occur in several but which are not continuous through the pattern. Basket 

 Maker II has tree-shell trowels or characteristic wooden scoops, peculiar 

 lozenge-shaped beads, buttonhole stitch on selvage of plain-weave cloth. Basket 

 Maker III a cross-stitch spindle and a unique type of small globular pottery 

 vessel with a lateral spout. Basket Maker II-III have small funnel- or nipple- 

 shaped unfired clay objects either plain or decorated with a punctate design ; 

 also clay figurines usually representing human females." Basket Maker III and 

 Pueblo I-II have the open-end trough metate or milling stone placed on the floor. 

 Pueblo III-V flat metates set in bins. Pueblo I-V the domesticated turkey 

 and the polished grooved-ax. Pueblo IV pottery with the designs in glaze. 



There is always the possibility that something from an earlier 

 phase will appear in one of the later stages. This may be a con- 

 tinuance, a revival of an older form such as took place in the Hopi 

 country when Nampeo started a renaissance based on pottery from 

 the Pueblo IV ruin of Sikyatki, or an actual survival of one or 

 more objects from a previous horizon. Even among the Indians 

 there are and were devotees of the " antique ", and the archeologist 

 occasionally stumbles upon a choice collection of objects which be- 

 longed to such a person. It should be evident that allowances must 

 be made for occurrences of this kind but, as is so often the case, 

 the obvious is so frequently overlooked that attention needs con- 

 stantly be called to the fact that archeologically " once a thing has 



2» Guernsey, 1931, pis. 42, 43, 66; Hargrave, 1932, p. 12 Coconino gray, p. 14 

 Deadman's corrugated, p. 15 Deadman's black on white. 



so Kidder, 1924, pp. 51-74 ; Cosgrove, 1932 ; Hargrave, 1932 ; Roberts, 1932, pp. 18-19 

 for additional references. 



a Kidder, 1924, pp. 86-87, 1931; Hargrave, 1932; Roberts, 1932, pp. 20-21 for addi- 

 tional references. 



s^Bunzell, 1929; Kidder, 1931, pp. 131-150. 



S3 Morris, 1927, pp. 154-158. 



