524 ANNUAL, REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 193 5 



stage possibly correlating with Basket Maker II and III. As in 

 the case of the Pecos sequence, the Globe Classification rests prima- 

 rily on pottery. The nomenclature lists the stages as : The Pioneer, 

 the Colonial, the Sedentary, the Classic, the Recent (listed as Degen- 

 erate in some reports but no longer so called), and the Modern. In 

 making a brief summary of the various stage differences, only a few 

 elements in the complex will be considered. 



DISPOSAL or THE DEAD 



Pioneer, pit and trench cremation. Colonial, pit cremation. Sedentary, urn 

 cremation. Classic, urn cremation, inhumation (Pueblo). Recent, cremation. 

 Modern, inhumation. 



HOUSES 



Pioneer: Very large at first (up to 40 feet) and square; then became smaller 

 and rectangular, shallow pit, rounded ends, vestibule with rounded entrance 

 on side. Colonial : Rectangular, shallow pit, vestibule entrance on side. In 

 some cases the floor was raised above the bottom of the pit on stone posts. 

 Walls of poles, brush, and mud plaster. Each dwelling a unit in the village.** 

 Sedentary : Rectangular pit houses, rectangular surface houses with a frame- 

 work of poles and grass, daubed with mud. (PL 7, b.) Villages enclosed in 

 a compound wall." Classic: Pit houses, one-story surface houses of poles, 

 brush, and mud ; multistoried communal buildings often referred to as temples, 

 fortresses, or clan castles (Casa Grande, pi. S, fig. 1), but which were essentially 

 pueblos. The compound wall continued in use. Recent: Pole, brush, and clay 

 houses and in some sections a combination of compound and pueblos. Modern : 

 Pole, brush, and clay dwellings (pi. 8, fig. 2). 



POTTERY 



Pioneer: A thin plain ware and a red ware in the earliest phase, painted 

 pottery being totally absent. When the latter appeared it was decorated with 

 simple red patterns in broad lines, sometimes polished, on a buff to gray, un- 

 slipped background. Development in ornamentation produced several forms 

 of hachured elements which preceded the style characteristic of the Colonial 

 period. Some of the painted vessels, mainly bowls, were further embellished 

 by a grooving of the exteriors. At first the grooves were deep and symmetri- 

 cally placed, later they became shallow and irregular. Vessels are shallow 

 bowls with outcurved sides, developing later into the flared bowl which became 

 a dominant factor in the Colonial and Sedentary periods; and round-bodied 

 jars with necks flaring into an open curve. The plain ware became thicker 

 as the Pioneer stage progressed. The red ware was quite plentiful at first but 

 became rare toward the end of the period. One type of ware, called San 

 Francisco Red, seems to have penetrated into the province from the MogoUon 

 district and may eventually be shown to have been related to the red ware 

 of the Pioneer period. Elements used in the decorations on bowls and jars 

 are very suggestive of those found in Pueblo designs, more so than in later 

 stages. Also the grooving or simulation of coils on the exterior of bowls is 

 comparable to a similar feature present on Pueblo I and II vessels in the 

 uplands province. 



««Haury, 1932. 



*i Gladwin, 1935, p. 248. 



