Dr. Lieben on the Homogeniety of Solutions. 505 



100 parts of water contained — 



Molden- Boussin- 



Gmeliu. hauer. gaiilt. 



Chloride of magnesium . ll-773i 6-8121 10-7288 



Chloride of sodium . . 7*0777 2-9575 6-4964 



Chloride of calcium . . 3-2141 1-4719 3-5592 



Chloride of potassium . . 1-6738 2-3910 1-6110 



Bromide of magnesium. . 0-4393 0-1838 0-3306 



Sulphate of potash . . . 0-0000 0-0627 0-0000 



Sulphate of lime . . . 0-0527 ... 0-0424 



Chloride of manganese . . 0-2117 ... O'OOOO 



Chloride of ammonium. . 0-0075 ... 0-0013 



Chloride of aluminium . . 0-0896 ... traces 



Nitrates 



Iodides 



24-5398 13-8790 227697 

 Water 75-4602 86-1210 77-2303 



100-0000 100-0000 100-0000 

 Density of the water . . 1-212 1-1160 1-194 



The most remarkable thing about the water of the Dead Sea 

 is its proportion of bromide of magnesium, which amounts to 3 

 or 4 kilogrammes in the cubic metre. If bromine were ever 

 wanted in large quantity for industrial purposes, this v/ould be 

 the best source for it. 



On comparing the densities of the water and the analyses of 

 it executed at various times, discrepancies are observed which are 

 not altogether to be accounted for on the supposition that they 

 arise from differences in the analyses; and Boussingault sup- 

 poses that the M'ater varies, not only in the quantity, but in the 

 nature and arrangement of the salts it contains. This is easily 

 understood when it is known that the level of the water is two 

 metres lower in the dry than in the rainy season. Boussingault 

 thinks also that the liquid mass of the sea has not a homogeneous 

 condition. 



In connexion with this, some experiments made by Lieben* 

 may be mentioned, the object of which was to ascertain if solu- 

 tions originally homogeneous remain so throughout their whole 

 mass, or whether they have a different degree of concentration 

 at different heights after they have stood some time. A glass 

 tube, 2 metres in length, and 2 or 3 centimetres in diameter, 

 was filled with a solution of salt and suspended in a vertical 

 position in a cellar for four months. On taking the strength of 

 the solution at various heights, it was found to be perfectly the 



* Licbig's Annalen, January 1857. 



Phil. May. S. 4. No. 89. Suppl. Vol. 13. 2 M 



