﻿114 
  REPORT 
  OF 
  COMMISSIONER 
  OF 
  FISH 
  AND 
  FISHERIES. 
  

  

  are 
  not 
  received 
  while 
  eii 
  route 
  to 
  the 
  spawning-grounds, 
  but 
  subse- 
  

   quent 
  to 
  reaching 
  tliem; 
  and 
  all 
  the 
  redfish 
  die 
  soon 
  after 
  si^awning. 
  

   The 
  young 
  remain 
  in 
  tlie 
  lakes 
  and 
  connecting 
  waters 
  for 
  at 
  least 
  one 
  

   year 
  after 
  the 
  eggs 
  are 
  laid. 
  The 
  cliinook 
  salmon 
  arrived 
  on 
  or 
  about 
  

   July 
  24, 
  at 
  which 
  time 
  they 
  Avere 
  practically 
  without 
  mutilations 
  or 
  

   sores. 
  They 
  all 
  die 
  after 
  spawning, 
  the 
  same 
  as 
  the 
  redfish, 
  and 
  the 
  

   young 
  appear 
  to 
  remain 
  for 
  one 
  year 
  after 
  the 
  period 
  of 
  spawning 
  near 
  

   where 
  they 
  were 
  hatched. 
  

  

  In 
  the 
  report 
  of 
  the 
  season's 
  work* 
  Professor 
  Everraann 
  describes 
  at 
  

   length 
  the 
  methods 
  and 
  progress 
  of 
  the 
  examination. 
  Besides 
  the 
  

   inquiries 
  respecting 
  the 
  salmon 
  and 
  other 
  fishes 
  collected, 
  observations 
  

   were 
  made 
  upon 
  the 
  physical 
  features 
  of 
  the 
  lakes 
  and 
  streams 
  and 
  

   upon 
  the 
  plant 
  and 
  lower 
  animal 
  life 
  which 
  belong 
  to 
  them. 
  All 
  of 
  the 
  

   facts 
  obtained 
  are 
  fully 
  discussed, 
  and 
  many 
  illustrations 
  are 
  given. 
  The 
  

   paper 
  concludes 
  with 
  a 
  "Detailed 
  report 
  upon 
  the 
  salmon 
  and 
  other 
  

   fishes 
  observed,'" 
  in 
  which 
  21 
  species 
  are 
  enumerated, 
  with 
  very 
  complete 
  

   natural-history 
  and 
  technical 
  notes, 
  especially 
  upon 
  the 
  Salmonida'. 
  

  

  The 
  investigations 
  of 
  this 
  season 
  must 
  be 
  regarded 
  as 
  especially 
  note- 
  

   worthy 
  in 
  their 
  results, 
  having 
  added 
  conspicuously 
  to 
  the 
  sum 
  of 
  

   knowledge 
  previously 
  acquired 
  respecting 
  the 
  habits 
  and 
  life 
  history 
  of 
  

   the 
  Pacific 
  group 
  of 
  salmon. 
  

  

  INVESTIGATIONS 
  IN 
  THE 
  NORTHWESTERN 
  STATES, 
  189(1. 
  

  

  In 
  the 
  spring 
  of 
  189G 
  plans 
  were 
  drawn 
  up 
  for 
  extensive 
  investiga- 
  

   tions 
  in 
  the 
  northwestern 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  United 
  States, 
  relating 
  more 
  

   especially 
  to 
  the 
  requirements 
  of 
  that 
  region 
  from 
  a 
  fish-cultural 
  stand- 
  

   point. 
  In 
  accordance 
  with 
  the 
  directions 
  of 
  the 
  Commissioner 
  that 
  

   arrangements 
  be 
  made 
  looking 
  to 
  the 
  increase 
  of 
  hatching 
  operations 
  

   in 
  regard 
  to 
  the 
  salmon, 
  it 
  was 
  necessary 
  to 
  provide 
  for 
  the 
  examina- 
  

   tion 
  of 
  as 
  many 
  important 
  rivers 
  as 
  possible, 
  in 
  order 
  to 
  ascertain 
  the 
  

   best 
  locations 
  for 
  new 
  and 
  auxiliary 
  stations, 
  where 
  eggs 
  could 
  readily 
  

   be 
  obtained 
  and 
  where 
  a 
  supply 
  of 
  water 
  by 
  gravity 
  was 
  available. 
  

  

  The 
  carrying 
  out 
  of 
  these 
  instructions 
  necessitated 
  a 
  change 
  from 
  

   the 
  metlu^ds 
  of 
  previous 
  years, 
  and 
  called 
  for 
  a 
  rapid 
  reconnoissance 
  

   of 
  a 
  wide 
  extent 
  of 
  territory, 
  although 
  it 
  was 
  intended 
  that 
  the 
  work 
  

   should 
  everywhere 
  be 
  executed 
  in 
  as 
  thorough 
  a 
  manner 
  as 
  the 
  time 
  

   permitted. 
  These 
  incj^uiries 
  were 
  to 
  cover 
  not 
  only 
  the 
  Columbia 
  River 
  

   basin, 
  but 
  the 
  entire 
  Pacific 
  watershed 
  of 
  the 
  States 
  of 
  Washington, 
  

   Oregon, 
  and 
  California, 
  to 
  the 
  southern 
  limit 
  of 
  salmon 
  distribution. 
  

   In 
  the 
  Columbia 
  River 
  basin 
  it 
  was 
  considered 
  important 
  that 
  several 
  

   good 
  sites 
  for 
  the 
  collecting 
  of 
  eggs 
  should 
  be 
  discovered 
  and 
  their 
  

   advantages 
  in 
  that 
  respect 
  carefully 
  determined. 
  In 
  the 
  Paget 
  Sound 
  

   region 
  it 
  was 
  furthermore 
  desired 
  to 
  ascertain, 
  especially 
  in 
  the 
  interest 
  

   of 
  the 
  Joint 
  Fishery 
  Commission, 
  to 
  what 
  rivers 
  the 
  blueback 
  or 
  sock- 
  

  

  * 
  A 
  report 
  upon 
  salmon 
  investigations 
  in 
  the 
  lieadwaters 
  of 
  the 
  Columbia 
  River, 
  in 
  

   the 
  State 
  of 
  Idaho, 
  in 
  1895, 
  together 
  with 
  notes 
  upon 
  the 
  fishes 
  observed 
  in 
  that 
  State 
  

   in 
  1894 
  aud 
  1895. 
  By 
  Bartou'Warren 
  Evermann. 
  Bull. 
  U. 
  S. 
  Fish 
  Comm., 
  xvi, 
  for 
  

   1896, 
  pages 
  149-202, 
  plates 
  67-72. 
  

  

  