﻿THE 
  FISHERIES 
  OF 
  INDIAN 
  RIVER, 
  FLORIDA. 
  245 
  

  

  tral 
  line 
  of 
  body 
  nearly 
  straight 
  ; 
  caudal 
  peduncle 
  moderately 
  long, 
  its 
  least 
  

   depth 
  equal 
  to 
  snout; 
  teeth 
  in 
  several 
  bands, 
  the 
  outer 
  enlarged 
  and 
  canine- 
  

   like. 
  Foui-tli 
  dorsal 
  s])iue 
  strongest 
  and 
  longest, 
  its 
  length 
  2| 
  in 
  head; 
  soft 
  

   dorsal 
  as 
  well 
  as 
  anal, 
  i)ectoral, 
  vontrals, 
  and 
  caudal 
  <lensely 
  covered 
  with 
  

   minute 
  scales; 
  height 
  of 
  longest 
  soft 
  dorsal 
  ray 
  3 
  in 
  head: 
  second 
  anal 
  spine 
  

   very 
  stout, 
  its 
  length 
  e(iual 
  to 
  that 
  of 
  fourth 
  dorsal 
  spine; 
  third 
  anal 
  spine 
  

   broad 
  at 
  base, 
  but 
  shorter; 
  free 
  edge 
  of 
  soft 
  anal 
  straight; 
  dorsal 
  and 
  anal 
  

   fins 
  deprcssible 
  in 
  a 
  scaly 
  sheath. 
  Pectoral 
  long 
  and 
  falcate, 
  nearly 
  reaching 
  

   tip 
  of 
  ventrals, 
  11 
  in 
  head; 
  ventral 
  shorter, 
  11 
  in 
  pectoral. 
  Caudal 
  well 
  

   forked, 
  the 
  lobes 
  about 
  equal 
  to 
  ventral. 
  Preopercle 
  strongly 
  but 
  irregii- 
  

   larly 
  serrate. 
  Scales 
  of 
  cheek 
  in 
  about 
  7 
  rows; 
  those 
  on 
  opercle 
  in 
  about 
  8 
  

   rows; 
  those 
  on 
  interorbital 
  and 
  nape 
  small 
  and 
  crowded; 
  scales 
  of 
  back 
  and 
  

   sides 
  arranged 
  in 
  oblique 
  rows 
  not 
  parallel 
  with 
  the 
  lateral 
  line. 
  Lateral 
  

   line 
  arched, 
  following 
  approximately 
  the 
  contour 
  of 
  the 
  back. 
  Gillrakers 
  

   rather 
  short, 
  stiff, 
  13 
  + 
  19. 
  

  

  Color 
  grayish, 
  darkest 
  on 
  anterior 
  half 
  of 
  body, 
  where 
  each 
  scale 
  is 
  dark 
  

   brown 
  on 
  its 
  basal 
  half, 
  then 
  with 
  a 
  white 
  ellipse, 
  the 
  narrow 
  border 
  darker, 
  

   the 
  contrast 
  between 
  the 
  dark 
  base 
  and 
  the 
  white 
  ellipse 
  very 
  marked; 
  

   owing 
  to 
  the 
  irregular 
  arrangement 
  of 
  the 
  scales 
  the 
  dark 
  bases 
  in 
  some 
  cases 
  

   appear 
  as 
  spots; 
  upper 
  side 
  of 
  caudal 
  peduncle 
  brown, 
  sides 
  nearly 
  plain 
  

   white 
  ; 
  snout 
  and 
  under 
  parts 
  of 
  head 
  lilac-brown 
  ; 
  under 
  parts 
  of 
  l)ody 
  rusty 
  

   brown; 
  lins 
  all 
  dark 
  brown, 
  especially 
  the 
  soft 
  parts 
  of 
  dorsal 
  and 
  anal. 
  

  

  This 
  is 
  the 
  first 
  time 
  this 
  fish 
  has 
  been 
  recorded 
  in 
  our 
  waters, 
  it 
  hitherto 
  

   being 
  known 
  only 
  from 
  Cuba 
  and 
  south 
  to 
  Brazil. 
  

  

  71. 
  Orthopristis 
  chrysopterus 
  (Linnreus). 
  T'ujfish. 
  One 
  example 
  obtained 
  at 
  Eden, 
  

  

  from 
  Capt. 
  Nathan 
  Saunders, 
  January 
  24, 
  1896. 
  D. 
  xn, 
  16; 
  A. 
  iii, 
  13. 
  

  

  72. 
  Lagodou 
  rhomboides 
  (Linuieus). 
  Sailor's 
  Choice. 
  Common, 
  though 
  Mot 
  abun- 
  

  

  dant 
  in 
  Indian 
  River 
  at 
  the 
  time 
  of 
  this 
  investigation. 
  Small 
  examples 
  were 
  

   seined 
  at 
  Titusville 
  and 
  Indian 
  River 
  Inlet. 
  

  

  Pale; 
  side 
  Avith 
  about 
  nine 
  pale-bluish 
  streaks, 
  the 
  upper 
  five 
  plainest; 
  

   two 
  above 
  lateral 
  line, 
  the 
  third 
  running 
  just 
  below 
  the 
  lateral 
  line 
  and 
  con- 
  

   necting 
  with 
  the 
  fourth 
  under 
  origin 
  of 
  soft 
  dorsal; 
  the 
  first 
  five 
  streaks 
  

   alternate 
  with 
  four 
  or 
  five 
  brassy 
  lines 
  of 
  about 
  equal 
  width, 
  the 
  one 
  on 
  the 
  

   lateral 
  line 
  tlie 
  plainest 
  ; 
  under 
  parts 
  white, 
  with 
  silvery 
  and 
  rosy 
  iridescence 
  ; 
  

   cheeks 
  silvery, 
  with 
  brassy 
  and 
  rosy 
  iridescence; 
  belly 
  white; 
  dorsal 
  pale, 
  

   with 
  irregular, 
  longitudinal, 
  brassy 
  lines, 
  margined 
  with 
  brassy; 
  anal 
  pale 
  

   whitish, 
  with 
  a 
  bright 
  orange 
  or 
  brassy 
  line 
  through 
  the 
  middle; 
  pectoral 
  

   plain; 
  ventrals 
  with 
  some 
  orange; 
  caudal 
  pale, 
  with 
  orange 
  spots, 
  margin 
  

   dark; 
  a 
  dark 
  spot 
  near 
  beginning 
  of 
  lateral 
  lines. 
  

  

  73. 
  Archosargus 
  probatocephalus 
  (Walbaum). 
  Sheepxhead. 
  Young 
  sheepshead 
  

  

  were 
  seined 
  at 
  Titusville, 
  Cocoa, 
  and 
  Indian 
  River 
  Inlet. 
  Very 
  abundant 
  in 
  

   Indian 
  River. 
  

  

  74. 
  Diplodus 
  holbrookii 
  (Bean). 
  Sailors 
  Choice; 
  "Spot." 
  Observed 
  at 
  different 
  

  

  l)oints. 
  Examples 
  ])re8erved 
  from 
  Eden. 
  D. 
  xii, 
  14; 
  A. 
  in, 
  13; 
  scales 
  

   7-61-13. 
  Sides 
  dusky 
  silvery, 
  with 
  rich 
  sheen 
  of 
  olivaceous, 
  steely, 
  purjilish, 
  

   etc., 
  darkest 
  above, 
  plain 
  white 
  on 
  belly; 
  about 
  18 
  faint 
  longitudinal 
  stripes 
  

   through 
  center 
  of 
  scales; 
  black 
  blotch 
  on 
  anterior 
  upper 
  part 
  of 
  caudal 
  

   peduncle, 
  absent 
  underneath; 
  axil 
  of 
  pectoral 
  puqilish 
  black, 
  the 
  color 
  

   showing 
  slightly 
  on 
  outside 
  above; 
  insi(h- 
  of 
  ventrals 
  washed 
  with 
  puri>lo; 
  

   anal 
  iaAnt 
  purplish; 
  dorsal 
  dark; 
  base 
  of 
  sjiines 
  lighter; 
  cheeks 
  purplish, 
  

   iridescent. 
  

  

  75. 
  Eucinostonius 
  gula 
  (Cuvier 
  & 
  Valenciennes). 
  A 
  number 
  taken 
  at 
  Pelican 
  

  

  Island, 
  Indian 
  River 
  Inlet, 
  and 
  from 
  St. 
  Lucie 
  River 
  at 
  Stuart. 
  

  

  76. 
  Gerres 
  olisthostoma 
  Goode 
  & 
  Bean. 
  " 
  Mutloii-fish"; 
  Irish 
  I'ompauo. 
  Quite 
  

  

  common 
  in 
  Indian 
  River, 
  where 
  it 
  is 
  known 
  as 
  mutton-fish. 
  Examples 
  pre- 
  

   8er^■ed 
  Irom 
  Fort 
  Pierce. 
  1 
  lead 
  3 
  ; 
  depth 
  2i 
  ; 
  D. 
  ix, 
  11 
  ; 
  A. 
  Ill, 
  9 
  ; 
  scales 
  6-40-9. 
  

  

  