﻿FISHERIES 
  OF 
  THE 
  PACIFIC 
  COAST 
  IN 
  1895. 
  617 
  

  

  boriug 
  iulaud 
  towns. 
  With 
  favorable 
  weather 
  clams 
  are 
  dug- 
  at 
  all 
  

   seasons 
  of 
  the 
  year. 
  Eleven 
  white 
  men 
  and 
  five 
  Indians 
  make 
  clam 
  

   digging 
  their 
  only 
  business. 
  

  

  At 
  Warrenton, 
  a 
  railroad 
  station 
  near 
  the 
  beach, 
  a 
  small 
  cannery 
  for 
  

   putting 
  up 
  clams 
  is 
  the 
  outcome 
  of 
  experiments 
  made 
  in 
  1894 
  by 
  Mr. 
  

   F. 
  P. 
  Halfarty. 
  In 
  that 
  year 
  a 
  few 
  cases 
  of 
  clams 
  were 
  put 
  up 
  as 
  sam- 
  

   ples 
  and 
  left 
  with 
  the 
  merchants 
  of 
  Portland 
  to 
  dispose 
  of. 
  They 
  were 
  

   packed 
  with 
  much 
  care 
  and 
  a 
  quick 
  sale 
  was 
  anticipated, 
  but 
  Oregon 
  

   packed 
  clams 
  were 
  unknown, 
  and 
  the 
  few 
  cases 
  had 
  to 
  be 
  introduced 
  

   by 
  a 
  house 
  to 
  house 
  canvass. 
  The 
  next 
  season 
  500 
  cases 
  met 
  with 
  a 
  

   ready 
  market, 
  and 
  preparations 
  were 
  made 
  for 
  an 
  increased 
  business. 
  

  

  Clams 
  having 
  been 
  taken 
  from 
  the 
  shell 
  are 
  minced 
  and 
  the 
  Juice 
  is 
  

   strained 
  and 
  boiled. 
  The 
  minced 
  clams 
  are 
  then 
  put 
  in 
  with 
  the 
  juice 
  

   and 
  boiled 
  for 
  li 
  hours. 
  Clams 
  and 
  Juice 
  are 
  then 
  packed 
  in 
  1-pound 
  

   tall 
  cans 
  and 
  again 
  cooked 
  for 
  two 
  hours, 
  the 
  cans 
  being 
  in 
  tanks 
  filled 
  

   with 
  water 
  which 
  is 
  brought 
  to 
  a 
  high 
  temperature 
  by 
  steam. 
  Clam 
  

   juice 
  not 
  needed 
  in 
  packing 
  is 
  put 
  up 
  by 
  itself 
  in 
  half-pound 
  flat 
  cans. 
  

   Cans 
  when 
  packed 
  are 
  well 
  filled 
  with 
  solid 
  minced 
  clams, 
  1 
  bushel 
  of 
  

   clams 
  in 
  the 
  shell 
  filling 
  20 
  one-pound 
  cans. 
  

  

  Clams 
  in 
  the 
  shell 
  find 
  quite 
  a 
  market 
  at 
  Astoria, 
  Portland, 
  and 
  

   other 
  points. 
  They 
  are 
  shipped 
  in 
  small 
  boxes 
  holding 
  1 
  bushel 
  of 
  

   clams, 
  for 
  which 
  the 
  diggers 
  receive 
  60 
  cents 
  a 
  box 
  at 
  the 
  beach. 
  

  

  Crabs 
  are 
  plentiful, 
  but 
  little 
  notice 
  is 
  taken 
  of 
  them 
  until 
  the 
  close 
  

   of 
  the 
  salmon 
  season 
  in 
  August; 
  after 
  that 
  time 
  a 
  few 
  salmon 
  fisher- 
  

   men 
  follow 
  crab 
  fishing, 
  when 
  the 
  weather 
  is 
  favorable, 
  ui> 
  to 
  the 
  

   return 
  of 
  the 
  salmon 
  fishing 
  in 
  April. 
  Crabs 
  are 
  taken 
  in 
  small 
  slatted 
  

   traps 
  similar 
  to 
  lobster 
  pots 
  used 
  on 
  the 
  Atlantic 
  coast. 
  They 
  average 
  

   2 
  pounds 
  each 
  in 
  the 
  shell. 
  The 
  fishermen 
  state 
  that 
  a 
  female 
  crab 
  is 
  

   never 
  found 
  in 
  the 
  traps. 
  

  

  Of 
  the 
  large 
  amount 
  of 
  refuse 
  from 
  the 
  salmon 
  canneries 
  of 
  the 
  

   State, 
  but 
  a 
  small 
  jiart 
  is 
  utilized. 
  Two 
  small 
  oil 
  works 
  at 
  Astoria, 
  

   representing 
  .$35,000 
  capital, 
  use 
  a 
  small 
  portion 
  of 
  this 
  waste 
  from 
  

   the 
  salmon 
  canneries 
  of 
  Astoria. 
  These 
  plants 
  in 
  1895 
  produced 
  30,000 
  

   gallons 
  of 
  oil 
  and 
  150 
  tons 
  of 
  fertilizer. 
  

  

  COLUMBIA 
  COUNTY. 
  

  

  The 
  fisheries 
  of 
  this 
  county 
  are 
  confined 
  to 
  the 
  Columbia 
  Eiver. 
  The 
  

   catch, 
  which 
  is 
  chiefly 
  salmon, 
  with 
  quite 
  an 
  amount 
  of 
  sturgeon 
  and 
  

   small 
  quantities 
  of 
  other 
  species, 
  is 
  all 
  disposed 
  of 
  fresh. 
  Part 
  of 
  the 
  

   salmon 
  catch 
  is 
  sold 
  to 
  canners 
  of 
  the 
  river, 
  but 
  most 
  of 
  the 
  salmon 
  

   and 
  other 
  fish 
  is 
  marketed 
  at 
  Ranier 
  and 
  Portland. 
  

  

  In 
  1892 
  the 
  sturgeon 
  handled 
  at 
  Ranier 
  amounted 
  to 
  900,795 
  i)ounds, 
  

   all 
  of 
  which 
  came 
  from 
  the 
  neighboring 
  waters 
  of 
  the 
  Columbia 
  River. 
  

   During 
  1895 
  the 
  catch 
  there 
  handled, 
  from 
  the 
  same 
  waters, 
  amounted 
  

   to 
  only 
  80,000 
  pounds. 
  In 
  the 
  latter 
  year, 
  from 
  the 
  growing 
  scarcity 
  

   of 
  sturgeon, 
  new 
  fishing-grounds 
  at 
  various 
  places, 
  extending 
  several 
  

   hundred 
  miles 
  up 
  the 
  Columbia, 
  wore 
  resorted 
  t<», 
  adding 
  155,993 
  

   pounds, 
  making 
  a 
  total 
  of 
  241,993 
  pounds 
  of 
  sturgeon 
  caught 
  by 
  the 
  

  

  