[5] THE FISHERIES OF SWEDEN. 367 



employed iu these fislieiies, and the time wheu they are carried on, the 

 coast of Skane may be divided into two districts, each of which has its 

 peculiarities. The Falsterbo peninsula forms the boundary line be- 

 tween these two districts. 



North of Falsterbo (that is, in the Cattegat and Sound) the so-called 

 '■'■ nardlngar^'' are used in the herring- fisheries. This is a kind of net 

 distinguished from the herring- net used in the Baltic (the so-called 

 '' mansorna^^) principally by the fact that in the former the meshes are 

 not fastened directly to the hanging-rope (Fig. 1, &), but -run loose on 

 a sort of hanging-twine (Fig. 1, a), which at every fourth mesh is fast- 

 ened to the hanging- rope, so that there are three loose meshes between 

 the points of fastening. The distance between these is called a ".s'A-od" 

 At evcrj' sixth or eighth shod a cork float is placed. Half of the upper 

 meshes are made of coarser yarn. The meshes are fastened in this man- 

 ner all round the net, even on the side-line and anchor-line. At the 

 corners the ropes are laid so that they form loops, by means of which 

 the nets are joined one to the other when they are set. On the anchor- 

 line there are so-called stone-ropes, to which the stones which hold the 

 net are attached. In the Baltic herring nets, however, the meshes are 

 fastened to the hanging-rope. The net is by means of tolerably' long 

 ropes fastened to a separate strong rope, to which the floats are at- 

 tached (Fig. 2, a, h). Even in mackerel and cod nets the meshes are 

 fastened in the same manner, and this arrangement gives to the nets a 

 great degree of elasticity, which proves of great advantage when the 

 fish i)ush against them. Both the ndrdingar and the mansorna are 

 used as bottom nets and as floating nets. In all the Skane fishing- 

 stations north of llelsingborg, bottOLu nets are used exclusively in the 

 herring fisheries. 



The difference between floating-net fisheries and fisheries with sta- 

 tionary nets is this, that in the first-mentioned method the net is fast- 

 ened to the boat and allowed to float with the current, at a greater or 

 less distance from the surface, while in the second method the nets are 

 held to the bottom by grapnels. 



ihe bottom nets which the fishermen employ in Skane north of Hel- 

 .siiigborg ai'c in a certain sense floating nets, as the nets are not so firmly 

 anchored but that the currerjt can drag them along the bottom; they 

 are not, howevei", fastened to the boats. 



In employing- this method of bottom-net fishing; the nets are set in the 

 following manner: At one end of the row of nets there is placed, iu 

 ! order to hold it at the bottom, a tolerably heavy stone, weighing- about 18 

 • pounds or more. To an iron peg driven into this stone there is fastened 

 \ a stron:;- rope (Fig. 3 and Fig 4, a and h) running up to a buoy which 

 'marks tlie beginning of the net, and is called the " head buoy " (Fig. 3, 

 Ic, and Fig. 5) ; and to this peg is also attached a short line three fath- 

 1 onis long, to the other end of which the net is fastened (Fig. 3 and Fig. 

 '^. At every ninth net a thinner line is fastened, which runs up to a 



