[35] 



POND CULTURE. 



501 



Fig.lZ. 



thickness; of these the same number of men can make only .lOO per 



hour. 



The bands which are to serve for fastening the fascines mnst be very 



strong and long, and have a loop at each end. To every hooked peg 



one should count two such bands. 



The fascines, which are close to the ground, shouhl be entirely inserted 



in it, and all the screw -like pieces of the bands should be on the inside. 



This bottom layer of fjiscines is, at intervals of ."^0 centimeters, fastened 



to the ground by pegs measuring GO to 90 centimeters in length. The 



other layers are pinned to the earth-work of the dike at intervals of 



GO centimeters, with pegs 1 meter 



long (by the aid of these ligures the 



whole number of pegs needed may 



be calculated). Xo succeeding layer 



of fascines should be pinned to the 

 earth-work, until the empty space 



between the preceding one and the 



wall of the dike has been tilled with 



earth well rammed down, nor should any of the places where one fascine 



joins the other be above another such place. Every tbird layer should 



be tirmly anchored by means ot pegs and l)ands at intervals of 2 nuiters. 



It will, therefore, be easy to ascertain the entire number of pegs and 



bands to be used for this purpose. 



The fascine covering should be carried only to such a height as to 

 leave room for from 25 to 30 centimeters of earth, which should be well 

 rammed down. If tliere are any piecesof sod, at least two layersof these 

 should be placed on the topmost fascine before the earth is put on. 

 This is necessary in order that the cover may not project over the edge 

 of the crest, when the earth begins to settle after awhile. 



A squad of live men, with one mallet, one spade, and one rammer, 

 can easily lay, i)in, and anchor 21.G meters, i. e., 4 fascines measuring 

 5.4 meters each, in one hour. Some men should be ready with saws, for 

 sawing oft' the fascines, if necessary. In a dike running in a straight 

 line this will, however, be necessary only at the ends. By pinning, the 

 fascines lose at least 2.") millimeters of their diameter, which circum- 

 stance should be taken into consideration if the length of wall is to be 

 calculated which a laboring squad can cover with fascines in one hour. 

 L standing for this length of wall, and a for the necessary number of 

 layers of fascines for a given height of wall, the thickness of the fas- 

 cines being 22.5 meters, and the consecutive meters of fascines to be 

 laid in one hour being 21.G, the following will be the formula: 



L = 



21.6 

 a 0.225' 



I 3. Covering of wicker-work.— To cover dikes with wicker-work involves 

 I but little trouble. This method, however, can be employed only in small 



