[19] 



POND CULTURE. 



515 



the hole A grate should be putin front of the exit, or it should be sur- 

 rounded by a standing- net. 



In great ponds ..here the pipes are large, and where the tap closiu^^ 

 them is correspondingly large and heavy, it consists of a piece of soliS 



Fuji. 16 



wood, about 3 meters long (if the pond is very deep, still louoer) the 

 ower part of which is formed by the tap. In ord<^r to insert and draw 

 this tap, the following contrivance will be necessary : 



On both sides of the exit 

 opening strong posts, e /, are j'l^j 77; 



driven in, Avhich at the top ^' 



are connected by an equally 

 strong cross-beam, g g^ and, 

 in order to make the structure 

 still stronger, are further con- 

 nected by two braces, h h. In 

 the center of the cross-beam 

 there is an opening, h h, 

 through which runs the tap- 

 pole, a h* and which when 

 the tap is inserted projects 

 about 30 centimeters above 

 the cross-beam. The head of 

 the tap-pole is covered with^-^:J|'''jL==^ _ 

 iron, in which a strong iron "^^M^^^C 

 ring is firmly inserted and ^^=^^Z^^^ 



fastened with screws. All — r^^z— ,j= 



the iron -work is painted, to 



prevent it from rusting. Where the tap-pole passes through the cross- 

 beam a strong screw is driven in, so as to prevent mischievous persons 

 from drawing the tap. If there are several such tap contrivances, it will 

 be well tohaveall these screws of the same size, so that they can be drawn 

 by one and the same screw-driver. Whenever the tap is to be drawn, a 

 strong pole is passed through the ring, and by moving this pole up and 

 clown (which operation requires three and sometimes more men) the 

 tap IS loosened and finally pulled out. In large ponds such contrivances 

 are, on two sides, surrounded by a stone or wooden wall, so as to protect 

 them against waves and ice. This wall is not continued on the side 

 tmvards the pomybut^ re replaced by a grate to prevent the fish 



in ^v^^T. ^T""^^' ^'^^ ^^^'"^ explanations, are oft^n^l^smm^h^errorT^For instance, 

 m !• ig. 17, h means two different things.— Editor. 



