[167] . POND CULTURE. 633 



raised, the fisli of the upper rows are placed in such a luaiiner that 

 every hsh rests against the front part of the backs of two carp of the 

 lower row. No more thau three rows should ever be placed in a cart 

 and a thick layer of straw should be put between every two rows. For 

 diawiuy,- these carts horses are better than donkeys or mules, because 

 they will accomplish the journey iu the shortest possible time. South 

 wind, which is injurious to fish when transported in this manner, shouUl 

 be carefully avoided. 



"If the place of destination can be reached in six or seven hours, the 

 journey can be continued without interruption ; but if the distance is 

 greater, a halt should be made every evening in some place where 

 there is pure river or spring water. The cart is driven to the water, 

 the back straw plait is loosened, the horses are unhitched, and the fish 

 are placed in the water, which should not be deeper than from 9 to 12 

 centimeters. Through the rapid motion the carp are roused Irom their 

 torpor, and as soon as they feel the water, they endeavor to get into 

 their natural position. If some of them remain lying on the side, one 

 should blow into their gill oi)enings, place them on the edge of the 

 water, and hold them for a few moments iu their natural position. After 

 all the carp which compose the load have somewhat recuperated, it will 

 be advisable to place them, if possible, in a second tank some time dur- 

 ing the night. This tank should be at least 25 to 37 centimeters deep, 

 and be filled with pure water. The next morning the fish are packed 

 in the wagon as on the day previous, and thus the journey is continued, 

 until the fish arrive at their destination. Fish may also be transported 

 in baskets, whose wicker-work is sufficiently wide to let the air through, 

 and which are placed on mules, donkeys, or horses. In such baskets 

 the carp are generally placed on the stomach. For this purpose baskets 

 with compartments will be the most suitable, in which the fish can be 

 transported safely, as each compartment receives only one layer of fish. 

 If the fish are to be sent to any considerable distance in these baskets, 

 they should be packed in the same manner as described above." 



Tscheiner thinks that this is the safest method of transporting carp. 

 If carp are to be sent a distance of only 14 to 22 kilometers, they 

 may simi)ly be placed iu a cart well padded with straw, and a thick 

 layer of straw, well fastened with strings, be put on the top of them. 

 Upon arrival at their destination, the carp must not be immediately 

 placed in deep water, but they should be placed in water where they 

 can be watched until they have sufficient strength to swim about in 

 the pond. 



The above are the methods of transporting a large number of fish. 

 Singly carp are transported in the following manner : The fish are laid 

 on the back upon a thick layer of clean and fresh moss, which is moist- 

 ened fiom time to lime. A small piece of apple or moistened bread is 

 occasionally put in the gills of the carp. The fish must lie immovable, 

 and have its mouth free. Packed in this manner the fish is put in a 



