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CARP-CULTURE IN THE UNITED STATES. 663 



the surrounding soil is sandy. The pond has no inlet, being supported by springs in 

 its bed. It is about 3 feet deep, on an average, and the water is not cold but niild 



Plants. — It contains bushes. Thoir name is unknown to me. ' 



Enemies.— There are in it pike, perch, catfish, trout, and roaches ; also toads bull- 

 frogs, hard-shell turtle, and terrapin, ' 



Food. — I give them bread about every two days. 



Growth. — The old ones are about 8 inches long, and the young ones about 4 inches 

 long. 



Reproduction.— Judging from their appearance in a drove I think there are about 

 100 young ones. 



Difficulties. — I think they should have produced better, if no disease has been 

 among them and they have not been eaten by other fish. 



IG. Statement of A. G. Barnes, Gainesville, Sumter Co., Ala., Xov. 7, 1881. 



Disposition of carp received.— The carp received in January, 1881, I put in an 

 artificial pond, 60 by 80 feet, having a depth of 4 feet in the center an<l 18 inches 

 around the edges. It has a sandy bottom, covered with 2i inches of sediment, and 

 leaves that fall from the trees which shade the i)ond. The s])ring that rises in the 

 bottom of the pond supplies it with water, the surplus water running out at one side. 



Enemies.— On May 12, 1881, I found that the perch which inhabited my pond had 

 destroyed all of my carp but 7. 



Growth.— When I examined my pond on May 12, 1881, I found that the 7 carp had 

 made a wonderful growth, the largest being 10^ and the smallest 8^ inches in length. 

 On July 20, 1881, the largest had attained a length of 15 inches, and the smallest 12^ 

 inches. October 20, 1881, the largest were Wi an<l the smallest 1.") inches long. From 

 the rapid growth my carp have made, I am inclined to believe that all the conditions 

 necessary to their successful culture exist in my pond. 



17. Statement of A. G. Barnes, Gainesville, Sumter Co., Ala., Ajml 21, 1882. 



Growth and reproduction. — Those received January 12, 1881, are now 20 inches 

 in length. The first indications noticed of their breeding occurred March 19, 1882. 

 Eggs found attached to the grass were taken ami placed in a tub. The young were 

 seen on the seventh day afterwards; the weather cool and wet. Again, on the 3d 

 instant, I saw them deposit their eggs. A lot of those eggs placed in a tub hatched 

 out on the fourth day; the weather warm and pleasant: the water during the day 

 indicating about 70°. Those hatched on the 26tli of March are now IJ inches in 

 length. The prediction that they would spawn in the South in thoir second year has 

 proved true. My carp have made more rapid growth and have propagated a year 

 sooner than in their native waters. 



Miscellaneous. — I have not tested their eating qualities, but as my pond is now 

 well stocked, I propose to try one or two of my breeders as soon as they locnperate 

 from the exhaustion necessary to spawning. My success so far has been eminently 

 satisfactory, and now, when I find by test that I have, in addition to his oth'*r good 

 qualities, a good food-fish, I shall be more than* compensated for my trouble, expense, 

 and waiting. With my experience I do not hesitate to say the Southern waters are 

 peculiarly well adapted to the propagation and rearing of carp. 



18. Statement of Marcus Farler, York Station, Sumter Co., Ala., Aug. 7,1883. 



Disposition of carp received. — I received 20 carp November 26, 1879. The dam 

 to my pond broke soon after I received them, and I lost every one. 



19. Statement of Dabncy Palmer, Snow Hill, fVilcox Co., Ala., July 26, 1883. 



Disposition of carp received. — I received 20 carp in January, 1881, but they 

 were frozen, and I think they died. My pond is 70 yards square and 5 feet deep, with 

 a muddy bottom. About 100 gallons of watir enter it per hour. I don't know the 

 temperature, but it is about the same as that of our Southern creeks. Please send 

 another lot of carp. 



Plants. — There is a water-grass growing around the edges, of which I don't knoir 

 the name. 



Enemies. — There are bull-frogs and toads in it in the spring. 



ARIZOIVA. 



20. Statement of Thomas G. Greenhaw, Phwnix, Maricopa Co., Ariz., July 14, 1884. 



Growth.— The first carp sent me have done very well, some having attained a 

 weight of from 3 to 4 pounds. One lot of the carp spawned the last of June. 



