x CONTENTS. 
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Page. 
XXIU. Charles G. Atkins. REPORT ON THE PROPAGATION OF PENOBSCOT SALMON IN 
1880-81: By Charles G.Atkinsle:c0-aees casas soeescte tae ecco mene ase cee Piel aN Se 623 
XXIV. Charles G. Atkins. REPORT ON THE PROPAGATION OF SCHOODIC SALMON IN 
1S80= Siew vac banles| Gre AU INS) mele a etelaiaie(en clalateiate neiata aio ieininatelalalaimala stelneratetattelaletmet= slates lafata 633 
XXYV. REPORT ON THE PROPAGATION AND DISTRIBUTION OF SHAD IN THE SPRING OF 1880.....-. 653 
XXVI. Wiax vom dem Borne. RaAIse carp. By Max von dem Borne.............-..--0+6- 673 
APPENDIX H.—THE OYSTER. 
XXVIII. Karl Wiébius. THE OYSTER AND OYSTER-CULTURE. By Karl Mobius, professor of 
TR GYR PEN Gd kGT) oe eae ice SouS HRS SO BOSCO oH aSHdoodddaosncéoodtboncodedsossssadhadasdaposacccncs 683 
TeAdho SCa-Nats nce ciecsennc cis soaeaaaenemanniane stecninane secs cneeeace cesses cmccmc ses J oscads 685 
2. Oysuer banks and Oysteringyonsosciesesence es desosemecascsceesaeoeenicicceee sence seas 689 
3.) Dhe reproductieniof theroyster.cosece ce eee cone elec cccanaes see tee rac in tence 692 
4. Why are oysters not found over all portions of the sea-flats ..... Bendooo ceacedonednads 696 
5. Artificial oyster-precding inurl mane jaececiscas secs scine ace see celeriene sneer sae ela sae ete 698 
6. Attempts to introduce the French system of artificial Oe eebmeedine into Great 
IBTUGAINA - a Seo esnicoidacie seem ceeaiaseaee ceciscmopiccacna sac sdcasmmemceaaiscseinc sc ccics 702 
7. Can the French system of artificial oyster-breeding be carried on in the waters of the 
Germanicosstecaceassesenaco ssh enscnenseneistlses celia snieccina ae nee ea cee eeane ial: 703 
8. Can natural oyster-beds be enlarged, and can new beds be formed, especially along 
theiGermantcoasteecqseresacciesaamecisaisiseiccise seca ceisicces seeisene ee ismisese teeter 707 
9) Growthiand fecundityiot, HhejOyStelcesecieescscies aces en scecesoscaceecccsseeetssssnes 713 
10. An oyster-bed is a biocdnose or a social community .........-.----.--seeee---- eee e ee 721 
11. Concerning the increase in the price of oysters and in the number of consumers and 
the decrease in the number of oysters..-..- SpGo t's SugoSSeSdossaSedSsschs aonseces 729 
12. The chemical constituents and flavor of oysters........-...--.22--e-ese ens cece ee eee 732 
13. :Cherobjects\and resultsiof oyster culture ~ 252). --seee see eee nei et nese eee ee 738 
XXXVI. Félix Fraiche. A PRACTICAL GUIDE TO OYSTER-CULTURE, AND THE METHODS 
OF REARING AND MULTIPLYING EDIBLE MARINE ANIMALS. By Félix Fraiche, professor of the 
natural;sciencesiand’mathematicss: sa teracs) casecteateescnece = ames cee cee nemcienismaca 753 
A. Present condition of the oyster industry upon the coast of France..-.........-..----- 753 
B. The natural history of mollusks and crustaceans ............-......----- aie eee eer 760 
C. Causes of the continued depletion of the oyster-beds and the improverishment of the 
fiSHELICSs cess sce eeee se De Red claw LON CUES gee ibrar seed Mee eget A 774 
I. Industry and present methods .............5.<2sesceccee eons Shis SubpomoooSonedesbSGoe 781 
II. Means and methods of gathering and transporting oyster-spawn ..-.-..--....------- 784 
III. Preparation of the bottoms. Construction of claires, parks, live-ponds, etc..-..-.-. 797 
EVs. Methods of working the claires <2 ces <te=cio- voces ajcnc(se sess teen csee ace betsiseelstas 807 
V;; ‘Cultivation of musselet ea soe acete eae eteiataiols ssicinace eels le meme teal srera he alan aoe ere 810 
VI. Rearing of lobsters and other crustaceans ...-....-....0.20..cecceeeenecnncenner nae 818 
XXIX. WH. Coste. REPORT ON THE OYSTER AND MUSSEL INDUSTRIES OF FRANCE AND ITALY. 
By M. Coste... 2.25. ccccatsecn cenecccat ees -Secln ae ete seca cee see cedins seme ce ee Sse eceeaectaee 825 
A; Artificial oyster bedslof: Lake Musaroys-). oon snc= aces ste cieee cosets ene eee 825 
B. Green oysters of Marenne...........-...... cable etek bad aaemaceneacsiees ctotisn soeemies 834 
C. Mussel wiers of the;Bay of Aiguillon ~~... 222. -kcscseec scene cnciane veces sss Sanoeuaor 845 
D. Documents relating to the Marine fisheries. .-..-. De clob amc teiseliane eae </aisiepeesinmclaonicee 857 
XXX. WE. de Bom. REPORT ON THE CONDITION OF OYSTER CULTURE IN 1875, PRECEDED BY A 
REPORT TO THE MINISTER OF MARINE AND OF THE COLONIES. By M. de Bon, ‘commissary- 
general and director of administrative affairs of the ministry of marine and of the colonies... 885 
A. Report of Rear-Admiral, the Marquis of Montaignac, Minister of Marine and of the 
Colonies: “By Mi'deBonyeecsceceeessecese cece ee acerca sae settee aces seca nneer 885 
B. An account of the condition of oyster culture in 1875......--.-----------------++--+-- 887 
XXXI. G. Bouchon-Brandely. REPORT ON OYSTER CULTURE IN THE MEDITERRANEAN. By 
G. Bouchon-Brandley, secretary to the College of France.....-....-..-------e-0- Bosnoceoans 9 Sli 
AS Oysterculture incltaly. << -s.csse—sec a as cmeleceiemistideiosisecle sein eciaisissisia's/an <[iainfefeete nia 907 
Be eLOWIOM teats joe c.scisicse wis seis S wealt eciceeimen cee ciecishe See ceeiemecioeer eae ae ele sii actactcier 914 
C. Peninsula of Giens ...-.... watces Seip ee sce aaeenceneeeeee Seeeedisee sie cdiescw se Salissoomciciene 917 
D5 Berre, Caronte,: Thau, Leucate, and A\gaye =e soncem a cisiciesa= secs as cles s) sie cieeenciae 923 
XXXU. J. Remaud. AN ACCOUNT OF THE PORTUGUESE AND FRENCH OYSTERS CULTIVATED IN 
TRE EDAVIOR ARCACHON, #By dieeReNaUd —ocoeecsseere soececeneeieesnee essa see ecco ecceete 931 
A. An account of the Portuguese and French oysters ...-.-------------e Socoodsenssosnt 931 
B. A new mixture to be placed upon the collectors. Be eeceation boxes2e2-cceeeeeseeee 934 
C. The Portuguese oyster from a commercial and oyster-cultural point of view. .-.------ 937 
D. Protection of claires, or oy$ter basins, by means of overhanging strips and wire 
SCLECDS...-..-0--+-20-0 wisioeicls sip meicinle cleleleioacjetjelsclote sete nerae tales w slajatetelateitietaieietete tate rater 939 
