290 REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF FISH AND FISHERIES. [2] 
(Eh 5 1G | Ae A See Oem Bae eRe eRe See sce O marc Ooesan sen Cease ascbsocs- 41 
Bul, INE RAIYS ChE IYO oS 666 Godin cagcog cog0ns odd Hoot Soes ctocon So qeaé soos osensss 41 
35. Manner of. obtaining food .... 2. 22-220 c 2-2 won oan wens nnn wens onan 41 
H. Reproduction..---. ..---- e2-c0. cone conn ee ce een n cons ce eran enn n ne tone one ne ee 42 
36, Location of the breeding, crounds sea ee es sae ee ae cee aa ee ele eete nee eneat= 42 
37. Habits of the Sword-fish in the breeding season.......--..----.--------- 42 
38. Absence of habits of breeding season on coast of United States -......... 43 
39. Curious ancient belief in the viviparous reproduction of the Sword-fish-. 43 
fe Hnemies and fatalities ....0...eete seen -- ee oar ee een ee 43 
40. Pugnacity of the Sword-fish ..........---------- ---- -----+ ----- +20. eee 43 
Al. Pugnacity of the Spear-fish’-. 2. cols. - 2. oon 3-3 = woe conn n ence ne were 49 
42) Attacks of Sword-fish nponswhales sj. scccelocecc cases cose eae ce sels salle siaie 49 
43) Eneniies of the Ss wOrd-ts te sescre ae see haem saccm slew cine toe oie eee 54 
44. Invertebrate parasites of the Sword-fish ....-...---..----- -------------- 54 
45. Fish parasites—the suckers or remoras....--..---.---------------------- 58 
Reiki yesicnaecs coaaep Saaooo Sesas eoocondeds edoclboobed seas dacs Gagd aasa's 59 
46. The location of the fishing groundS...... .0.225 .2<--- seeee- n-ne n ne - 59 
47. Apparatus of capture... 2... 22. css ge snes we cece Seco eseres dnc enelnesninn 60 
48, The manner of fitting a vessel for swordfishing..........---..----------- 62 
AQ, -Manneriof capture). < - fas 2 si=- Se cis a ucins ajo inla wie olnle pies ele lainielo mis) = mlnle lies meme 63 
50. The perils and the romance of swordfishing ....---...------------+------ 63 
51. A landsman’s description of swordfishing .......--.-..---.-------------- 64 
52. The capture of Sword-fish by hook and line -.....---..--.---- Steed cece 65 
53. Swordfishing vessels ... 2. .2.. -220 cccecs coccee sencee cnccee cons ence cone - 66 
de Minancial profits pomishermeni- sstseieesiee semeler -et-li 9) tole eias em oem 67 
55, History of the American Sword-fish fishery .........----. --------------- 67 
56. The Sword-fish fishery of the Mediterranean ....-..-.--.---..----------- 68 
i —Products,of the fishebyis:=s2-t - ln sie miel= sceie oie el =e aie ee eines cleo elem 73 
57. Record of a Gloucester schooner for the season of 1878.......-.---..----. 73 
58. Results of trips by other vessels -...-.. oe ABS he Sere eee Be RR 74 
59. Statistics of Capture... seesetceus oecie == sei seie mien ooe ne acts) aeeeieeeee a= eee 
M.—Economical uses and the markets... -.. << c2 2005. ac celewne seen sane encore sees 75 
60; “Sword-fish.as an articleiof food ce ooo on ose. eeemiom eles = em lenin em icinrialelcine 75 
Gly Wiehe eee Bon aaetesus odecssoooces nciacco code HSco coesan ssp es occu acdc 78 
(Ge JES UKE ne ROB HOC ea B SO eOSeGad noo obo qabOSrbonUEN cSodgoorHoecne codes peae¢ 78 
Appendix .- 2... secs ce cece te as Sos ewe w wemalesw = eewele neler == *iresp es eee bane = 81 
(O83, JU EIAS «ISeGe Ss Soe A ooeae eo aSeooisced o450 o550 cdohoe Sduods c6n6Gd 7.ca5eo Dadbo= 81 
64, 65, 66. Descriptions and discussions of allied species.......-.------------- 87 
Pts O PL BLOS gos a wicis simeicnin soe oo ecinnccesscer peas oo seembieie Sem ss sor= faint e aeceiee 98 
Alphabetical INGex —- <<< aniccw cee eck amine ome wee cle eee s-marisiasms bore onnininen a meee 99 
A.—INTRODUCTORY NOTES. 
1. OBJECTS OF THE ESSAY AND SOURCES OF INFORMATION. 
This essay upon the Sword-fish and its uses makes no claim to be con- 
sidered a contribution to knowledge. In the course of six summers’ 
study of fish and fisheries on the coast of New England and as many 
winters of research into ichthyological literature, a considerable quan- 
tity of notes concerning the Sword-fish have accumulated in the writer’s 
portfolio. These are printed below, arranged in systematic order, with 
the hope that they may stimulate inquiry by showing at a glance what 
is now known about the habits of this mysterious fish and what it is 
