[13] MATERIALS FOR A HISTORY OF THE SWORD-FISHES. 301 
Color.—Pronounced deep blue above, a little lighter on the flanks, 
passing into white below. Fins intense blue; second anal and outside 
of pectoral lighter. First dorsal with rounded spots, more intense, of 
same color. Iris clear blue; cornea blackish. 
Four gills of double structure and an accessory, reticulated as in 
Xiphias. 
Bylorus attached high up and has great longitudinal folds; also the 
duodenum, which is swollen and receives, by two openings, the secretions 
of the compact and glandulous mass which covers it. 
Intestine slender, with two short Soo Or: embracing in its last 
the spleen. 
Swim-bladder cellulous, showing great puffs, which extend far behind 
the anus. 
A second specimen, the measurements of which are given below (B), 
suggested the following notes: 
Top of head and body, upper lobe of caudal fin, and caudal cartilage 
bluish black. Belly and throat white. Cheeks and opercular blackish, 
covered with a pearly sheen. The black hue of the back shades into 
the white of the belly through an insensible gradation of lines, the 
most prominent of which are rich purplish brown and light smoky gray. 
The belly and the sides are pearly up to the lateral line. The boundary 
between the colors of the back and the belly is indicated by an indis- 
tinct line, which may be traced from the base of.the rostrum over the 
top of the orbit and the operculum, then descending across the lateral 
line at a point above the middle of the pectoral fin; it then rises in the 
arc of a circle above the lateral line, which it meets again at the tail, the 
distance between them being the greatest over the anal fin. The icone 
lobe of the caudal is blackish, with a pearly sheen. The ventrals and 
second dorsal fins are blue-black. The anterior rays of the first dorsal 
are also blue-black, the membrane being light bluish purple, irregu- 
larly spotted with circular dots from one-quarter to one-half an inch in 
diameter. The first anal is deep bluish purple at its extremity, but on 
its basal half bright pearly white. The inner surface of the pectoral is 
bluish purple, brightest in the axil; its outer surface is blackish, though 
completely covered with a pearly sheen. 
The ventrals, first dorsal, and first anal, when not erected, are com- 
pletely hidden in grooves. The second dorsal and second anal are not 
so hidden. The pectorals are flat, closely clinging to the sides when 
not in motion; their base received into a depression in the side of the 
fish. 
The lanceolate scales may be seen through the epidermis, giving a 
reticulated appearance to sides of the fish. 
The second dorsal and the second anal have broad, flattened, ultimate 
rays, which adhere closely to the body of the fish. 
