484 REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF FISH AND FISHERIES. [8] 
At first, tin boxes of various sizes were employed for transportation, 
but the high price of these boxes caused them to be very soon replaced by 
boxes made of light wood, where the eggs are kept wrapped up in cloths 
and moist moss, according to the method generally adopted in Europe. 
For long distances a double box is used, with an intermediary and iso- 
lating layer of sawdust between the two walls which protects the fish 
both against heat and cold. 
The results of the experiments in stocking water-courses with fish by 
means of eggs from the Bucksport establishment soon became evident. 
While the common salmon (Salmo salar) were formerly unknown in most 
of the streams of the United States (only being found in some rivers in 
Maine, the Penobscot, the Kennebec, &c.) they are, at the present day, 
found in many rivers andl streams where they have been artificially in- 
troduced. In fact they are found in nearly every water-course from the 
river Denny in Eastern Maine to the Susquehanna in Maryland. The 
Merrimac, the Delaware, and the Pemigewasset are particularly rich in 
salmon. The same applies to the Connecticut River, where fish weigh- 
ing 10 to 20 pounds are caught by hundreds and are sent to the New 
York markets. Such are the results which have been attained within 
the short space of six years. 
The introduction of the common salmon, however, cannot be accom- 
plished everywhere; for only in sufficiently fresh and clear water will 
there be any chance of success. The Fish Commission has, therefore, 
endeavored to find a species of fish which is less exacting as to the nature 
of the water; and its attention has been directed to a species of salmon 
(Salmo quinnat) found in a number of streams flowing into the Pacific 
Ocean," and particularly abundant in California streams, notably the 
Sacramento and McCloud Rivers. This species of fish is robust and 
endowed with a remarkable power of resistance to heat, and seems 
specially designed for introduction into those water-courses where the 
Salmo salar could not live, either on account of the temperature of the 
water or on account of its being muddy. 
We have in a former article’ pointed out the great interest which 
attaches to the propagation of the California salmon, and given some 
information regarding the labors of the Fish Commission to spread this 
valuable kind of fish as much as possible. We think, however, that 
we must add some details caleulated to give an idea of the gigantic 
scale on which the labors of the Fish Commission are carried on. 
The first experiments were made in 1872, at the suggestion of Mr. 
Robert B. Roosevelt, Member of Congress. Mr. Livingston Stone, who 
The so-called ‘ California salmon” is considered to be absolutely identical with the 
Sacramento salmon (Salmo quinnat, Richard), one of the largest members of the salmon 
family. The salmon caught in the Sacramento River generally weigh 20 pounds; but 
there are some weighing 100 pounds. The flesh of this fish is equal in quality to that 
of the Salmo salar. 
'SRAVERET-WATTEL: Le gaumon de Californie. Bulletin de la Société d’acclimata- 
tion, January, 1878, 
