[5] . RAISE CARP. 677 
to have portions of the sides of the box made of fine wire grating. Why 
could not such boxes with brushwood be placed in a lake and stocked 
with 3 carp (1 spawner and 2 milters)? Would not the brushwood soon 
be covered with eggs? 
Carp may also be transplanted by sending such brushwood covered 
with eggs to some distance and placing it in floating boxes similar to 
the one described. It is well known that Mr. R. Eckardt, of Liibbin- 
chen, has frequently shipped carp eggs in this manner to distant places. 
There is much talk at the present time of mirror carp and leather carp; 
they are generally considered a more delicate article of food than the 
scale carp, but do not grow as fast as these. Mr. Gasch very justly 
considers it important to use for purposes of propagation only the finest- 
shaped carp, which presumably will grow quicker than carp of inferior 
form. 
In the above I have entirely followed Mr. Gasch, as far as the small 
“sky ponds” are concerned, whilst, with regard to the Swedish spawn- 
ing-box, I have only urged that experiments be made; but in the follow- 
ing I take the liberty to communicate my own experiences of many 
years in the Berneuchen piscicultural establishment, as well as those of 
other pisciculturists. 
CONSTRUCTION OF A GOOD SPAWNING-POND. 
The first condition is that it can be laid completely dry and be filled 
again with water at the proper time. No puddles must remain, if any 
favorable results are to be looked for, and no pains should be spared to 
remove them. Only in rare cases can a good pond be constructed by 
digging out of the ground; the best way is to inclose a piece of low 
ground in the lowest place by a dike. As has already been mentioned, 
a pond can be constructed at a very trifling expense by closing the 
drain by means of which swamps, lakes, or ponds have formerly been 
laid dry. 
According to the ditferent sources from which the water for the ponds 
is drawn, we distinguish— 
Brook and river ponds, which are fed by running water ; 
Spring ponds, which are fed by springs; 
Sky ponds, which are fed by rain and snow-water, or by ditches which 
are dry during the hot season. 
The dike is made from the material nearest at hand, the fish pit being 
constructed at the same time. The best material is loam or clay. 
Wherever the soil is sandy, the dike and pond must have a foundation 
of clay, if water does not flow into the pond at all times, in order to 
prevent the pond becoming dry. 
Flat spawning-ponds are the best, because in them the water gets 
warm easier than in deep ponds. The most suitable depth of water 
is about 1 meter in the deepest places. 
In order to let off the water from the pond, a drain-pipe is laid through 
