﻿400 
  REPORT 
  OF 
  COMMISSIONER 
  OF 
  FISH 
  AND 
  FISHERIES. 
  [^0] 
  

  

  the 
  fry 
  will 
  be 
  carried 
  out 
  of 
  the 
  pond 
  into 
  the 
  canal, 
  and 
  thrown 
  into 
  

   contact 
  with 
  the 
  collectors 
  twice 
  daily. 
  When 
  the 
  flood 
  tide 
  again 
  re- 
  

   turns 
  the 
  water 
  to 
  the 
  pond 
  from 
  the 
  open 
  bay 
  a 
  large 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  fry 
  

   will 
  be 
  carried 
  back 
  into 
  the 
  pond 
  again, 
  and 
  away 
  from 
  the 
  cultch 
  or 
  

   collectors. 
  It 
  is 
  during 
  the 
  flood-tide 
  that 
  I 
  would 
  therefore 
  commend 
  

   the 
  practice 
  of 
  putting 
  artificially-fertilized 
  embryos 
  in 
  the 
  swimming 
  

   stage 
  of 
  development 
  into 
  the 
  outlet 
  of 
  the 
  canal 
  to 
  be 
  swept 
  back 
  

   amongst 
  the 
  collectors 
  toward 
  the 
  spawning 
  pond. 
  

  

  The 
  artificially-fertilized 
  embryos 
  should 
  be 
  taken 
  from 
  the 
  adults 
  by 
  

   gentle 
  pressure 
  with 
  a 
  pipette 
  and 
  dropped 
  into 
  a 
  dish 
  of 
  clean 
  sea- 
  

   water 
  so 
  as 
  to 
  discover 
  by 
  means 
  of 
  the 
  " 
  drop 
  test," 
  when 
  male 
  and 
  

   female 
  products 
  were 
  obtained 
  so 
  as 
  to 
  make 
  sure 
  of 
  artificial 
  fertiliza- 
  

   tion. 
  In 
  a 
  favorable 
  temperature 
  and 
  suitable 
  weather 
  they 
  will 
  reach 
  

   the 
  swimming 
  stage 
  in 
  three 
  or 
  four 
  hours, 
  when 
  they 
  may 
  be 
  poured 
  

   into 
  the 
  canal 
  system, 
  or 
  into 
  the 
  spawning 
  vats 
  or 
  ponds 
  used 
  in 
  con- 
  

   nection 
  with 
  the 
  troughs 
  filled 
  with 
  cultch 
  through 
  which 
  embryonized 
  

   water 
  is 
  being 
  pumped. 
  This 
  is 
  an 
  important 
  point,, 
  as 
  the 
  chances 
  for 
  

   the 
  adhesion 
  and 
  survival 
  of 
  the 
  fry 
  after 
  it 
  reaches 
  the 
  swimming 
  stage 
  

   are 
  very 
  greatly 
  increased. 
  

  

  Another 
  way 
  of 
  providing 
  fry 
  in 
  the 
  canal 
  at 
  all 
  times 
  would 
  be 
  to 
  

   place 
  a 
  half-dozen 
  good 
  spawning 
  oysters 
  in 
  every 
  receptacle 
  for 
  cultch 
  

   so 
  that 
  an 
  abundance 
  of 
  embryos 
  would 
  be 
  constantly 
  wafted 
  back 
  and 
  

   forth 
  in 
  the 
  canal. 
  Even 
  then 
  I 
  think 
  it 
  would 
  be 
  advisable 
  to 
  use 
  arti- 
  

   ficially-fertilized 
  spawn 
  as 
  supplementary 
  to 
  that 
  thrown 
  off 
  in 
  addi- 
  

   tion 
  from 
  the 
  oysters 
  contained 
  in 
  the 
  receptacles 
  filled 
  with 
  cultch. 
  

   This 
  would" 
  render 
  the 
  operator 
  trebly 
  sure 
  of 
  results. 
  The 
  importance 
  

   of 
  artificial 
  fertilization 
  is 
  shown 
  by 
  the 
  facts 
  established 
  as 
  a 
  result 
  of 
  

   the 
  experiments 
  with 
  ponds, 
  into 
  which 
  and 
  out 
  of 
  which 
  the 
  water 
  

   passed 
  through 
  filters 
  of 
  sand, 
  at 
  Stockton 
  in 
  1883, 
  and 
  at 
  Saint 
  Jerome's 
  

   Creek 
  in 
  1884 
  and 
  1885. 
  As 
  the 
  spat 
  obtained 
  in 
  these 
  ponds 
  was 
  en- 
  

   tirely 
  derived 
  from 
  fry 
  which 
  had 
  been 
  artificially 
  fertilized, 
  there 
  can 
  

   be 
  no 
  doubt 
  of 
  the 
  efficiency 
  of 
  artificial 
  fertilization. 
  

  

  V. 
  — 
  Coating 
  the 
  cultch 
  with 
  a 
  detachable 
  covering 
  of 
  limb 
  

  

  OR 
  CEMENT. 
  

  

  Coating 
  the 
  cultch 
  with 
  a 
  layer 
  of 
  lime 
  and 
  sand, 
  or 
  lime, 
  cement, 
  and 
  

   sand, 
  cement 
  alone, 
  or 
  cement 
  in 
  combination 
  with 
  various 
  other 
  sub- 
  

   stances, 
  such 
  as 
  ox-blood, 
  as 
  proposed 
  by 
  Dr. 
  Kemmerer, 
  may 
  serve 
  an 
  

   excellent 
  purpose, 
  and 
  might 
  even 
  be 
  necessary 
  where 
  the 
  spat 
  became 
  

   so 
  thickly 
  crowded 
  together 
  as 
  to 
  be 
  killed 
  as 
  a 
  consequence 
  of 
  over- 
  

   crowding. 
  Under 
  ordinary 
  circumstances, 
  however, 
  where 
  only 
  one 
  or 
  two 
  

   young 
  oysters 
  adhere 
  to 
  a 
  single 
  shell, 
  there 
  would 
  be 
  no 
  need 
  for 
  any 
  

   such 
  detachable 
  coating, 
  as 
  there 
  would 
  be 
  no 
  danger 
  from 
  overcrowd- 
  

   ing. 
  Nevertheless, 
  where 
  as 
  many 
  as 
  fifty 
  or 
  one 
  hundred 
  spat 
  become 
  

   attached 
  to 
  a 
  single 
  shell 
  such 
  a 
  coating 
  would 
  probably 
  be 
  found 
  nee- 
  

  

  