﻿[119] 
  PATENTS 
  ISSUED 
  RELATING 
  TO 
  FISH 
  AND 
  FISHERIES. 
  1093 
  

  

  CLAIM. 
  

  

  "An 
  oleaginous 
  compound 
  to 
  be 
  used 
  in 
  the 
  manufacture 
  of 
  cordage, 
  

   consisting 
  essentially 
  of 
  an 
  amber-oil 
  and 
  tisb 
  or 
  whale 
  oil, 
  combined 
  

   as 
  specified." 
  

  

  No. 
  286869. 
  

  

  (C. 
  W. 
  Trammer, 
  Great 
  Falls, 
  Mel.; 
  patented 
  October 
  16, 
  1833; 
  fishway. 
  See 
  Plate 
  

  

  CXLIV.) 
  

  

  The 
  invention 
  relates 
  to 
  devices 
  to 
  enable 
  fish 
  to 
  ascend 
  a 
  fall, 
  or 
  to 
  

   so-called 
  "fish 
  ways" 
  or 
  "fish-ladders." 
  

  

  An 
  inclined 
  chute 
  widens 
  upward, 
  and 
  has 
  an 
  enlarged 
  or 
  hopper- 
  

   shaped 
  fish 
  inlet 
  at 
  its 
  lower, 
  and 
  an 
  outlet 
  at 
  its 
  upper 
  end, 
  either 
  or 
  

   both 
  of 
  which 
  may 
  be 
  provided 
  with 
  a 
  sliding 
  gate, 
  and 
  suitable 
  means 
  

   for 
  operating 
  the 
  same, 
  to 
  regulate 
  the 
  flow 
  of 
  water. 
  The 
  diverging 
  

   sides 
  of 
  the 
  chute 
  are 
  straight, 
  but 
  the 
  top 
  and 
  bottom 
  are 
  a 
  series 
  of 
  

   inflected 
  steps, 
  which 
  form 
  enlarged 
  communicating 
  chambers, 
  the 
  en- 
  

   tire 
  space 
  of 
  which 
  is 
  filled 
  by 
  the 
  water 
  that 
  enters 
  the 
  chute 
  at 
  the 
  

   upper 
  end 
  or 
  fish 
  outlet. 
  The 
  water 
  is 
  retarded 
  in 
  its 
  exit 
  by 
  the 
  shape 
  

   and 
  the 
  gradual 
  narrowing 
  of 
  the 
  chute, 
  thus 
  causing 
  comparatively 
  

   still 
  water 
  in 
  the 
  chambers, 
  so 
  that 
  the 
  fish 
  will 
  have 
  no 
  difficulty 
  in 
  

   working 
  their 
  way 
  from 
  the 
  lower 
  to 
  the 
  upper 
  end 
  of 
  the 
  chute, 
  whence 
  

   they 
  emerge 
  into 
  the 
  river 
  or 
  water-course 
  above 
  the 
  dam 
  or 
  falls. 
  

  

  ■ 
  CLAIM. 
  

  

  "The 
  improved 
  fishway 
  herein 
  shown 
  and 
  described, 
  having 
  sides 
  

   C 
  C, 
  top 
  and 
  bottom 
  A 
  and 
  B, 
  composed 
  of 
  iuflected 
  steps 
  or 
  sections 
  

   a 
  and 
  b, 
  forming 
  gradually-enlarged 
  chambers 
  c 
  inside 
  of 
  the 
  chute, 
  

   connected 
  to 
  one 
  another 
  by 
  the 
  narro 
  wings 
  d, 
  enlarged 
  fish-inlet 
  D, 
  

   and 
  outlet 
  E, 
  substantially 
  as 
  and 
  for 
  the 
  purpose 
  herein 
  shown 
  and 
  

   specified." 
  

  

  No. 
  301285. 
  

  

  (Christopher 
  Schmitz, 
  San 
  Francisco, 
  Cal. 
  ; 
  patented 
  Jnly 
  1, 
  1884; 
  apparatus 
  for 
  

   oyster-culture. 
  See 
  Plate 
  CXLV.) 
  

  

  The 
  oysters 
  when 
  near 
  their 
  spawning 
  time 
  are 
  placed 
  in 
  a 
  perforated 
  

   vessel 
  which 
  is 
  in 
  the 
  center 
  of 
  a 
  basin 
  containing 
  sea-water. 
  The 
  

   proper 
  time 
  is 
  when 
  the 
  two 
  vesicles 
  of 
  the 
  creature 
  which 
  contain 
  the 
  

   eggs 
  and 
  milk 
  commence 
  to 
  swell, 
  whereupon 
  the 
  membrane 
  bursts 
  

   and 
  fertilization 
  takes 
  place, 
  for 
  soon 
  after 
  this 
  the 
  spat 
  or 
  spawn 
  may 
  

   be 
  extracted 
  by 
  tne 
  operator, 
  or 
  the 
  oyster 
  itself 
  will 
  expel 
  the 
  same. 
  

   When 
  this 
  has 
  occurred 
  a 
  very 
  fine 
  stream 
  of 
  sea-water 
  is 
  allowed 
  to 
  

   pass 
  through 
  a 
  pipe 
  from 
  an 
  elevated 
  tank 
  into 
  the 
  perforated 
  vessel. 
  

   Thence 
  it 
  passes 
  through 
  the 
  perforated 
  sides 
  in 
  innumerable 
  small 
  

   and 
  gentle 
  currents, 
  widely 
  spread, 
  which 
  carry 
  out 
  with 
  them 
  the 
  spat 
  

  

  