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Hi/loicus, (7i(aeiiO(/r((mma ; I'l-otanbiili/x : P.\riti/i)/<ji//i/ij:, Krinni/la, (ir.immodia, 

 Pachi/lia, Epistor, Caiitetliifi, l'cri<jonia, Scsio ; I'liohix ; Xyloplmnen. In addition 

 we must mention S/>'/i/ia; Pficl/i/sjihinx, and Arctonofns, which extend iVom North 

 America into Mexico, and are not truly Neotropical. Hi/loicns has many 

 species outside the Neotropical Region : but the section of the g-enus which is 

 Neotropical docs not occur northward of the Southern United States. Cldaeno- 

 (jramma consists of two species, one inhabiting the Atlantic Subregion of North 

 America, the other Argentina.* I' rntopnrct' has two truly Nearctic species 

 {quinqiiemarulatus and serta), besides a great number of Neotropical ones ; the 

 same applies to ritoliis. The remaining 10 genera are Neotropical, extending in 

 one or a few species into tiie Southern States of the Nearctic Region, or going 

 farther north witiiout having developed Nearctic species. Among the 22 genera 

 confined to the Neotnipics there is only one {Motuirda) which is not of Neotropical 

 origin, belonging to the lirancli of the Amhuliciime to which Cressonia, Sphinx, 

 Amorpha, etc., belong, and of which the Oriental Callambidi/x is the most 

 primitive genus. All the other 21 genera are truly Neotropical. Hence it is 

 clear that the only foreign element in the Neotro])ical Region is Monarda, 

 and this is known only from Mexico. None of the other Regions have such an 

 almost exclusively autochthonous Sphingid fauna. The Neotropical genera of 

 Aclieioiitiinae are all developments from the same stem, of which Coci/tim, 

 Amplnmoea, and Protoparce are the most generalised divisions, coming near the 

 Old World genera Xanthopan and Meganoton, which are, however, still lower 

 in organisation than rori/tins. None of the New World Aclierontiinae have 

 preserved the organ of friction of the claspers and eighth abdominal tergite, 

 whicii a number of the Old World genera have retained. 



The 4 Ambulicine genera of the Neotropical extraction are Protambidi/x, 

 Ainpli/ptcrHs, Orecta, and Troqolegnum. The last two are clearly modifications 

 of Ampli/jitenia, and this and Protamhid'/.r are near allies of the Oriental 

 Compxoqeiie, whicli is the most primitive of all recent Amhulirinae. It is 

 worthy of note that botli derivative genera occur in the border districts of the 

 Neotropical Region, Orecta in the South and Trogolegnum in the North. 



The Semnae are a specitil feature of the Neotropical fauna, the very few 

 genera (3) occurring outside it being derivations from the Neotrojncal stock. 



The Philampflinae are very poorly represented ; the two genera occurring are 

 confined to the New World, and closely allied to one another, Tinostoma being 

 found on the Sandwich Islands only, while Pliohis is widely distributed over 

 America and contains many species. The Choevocampinac are rather uniform 

 in development, there being only tiiree genera, of which one is cosmopolitan. 

 The other two are truly Neotroj)ical, XyhpliancH with fifty species and 

 Phaiwjyld with one, thc! si)ecie8 of Xijlophanes which are Ibund in the Nearctic 

 Region being Neotropical ones extending northward. Phanoxi/la is a specialisa- 

 tion of \i/loj>hn»(:<<, and this is a derivation from the cosmopolitan genus Celerio 

 — i.e. from an ancestral genus of which Celerio is the nearest recent representative. 

 * The locality Costa Rica is doubtful. 



