( cxxix ) 



f Audamans. 



Besides these 117 species,* there are 45 which occur from India to Papnasia. 

 Only 20 species are peculiar to tlie area from Miilacca to tlie Moluccas, and of 

 these Oxi/fii//lii//i/.c semifenens and Sata.tpc.s rihhei are doubtfully distinct. Judging 

 from the numher of Papuan species described in this Revision, it is evident 

 that further e.\i)lorations will add substantially to the list of 58 fiphiiKjidite 

 peculiar to the Papuan Region. Of the 45 species common to both Subregiims, 

 no less than 15 have developed into a western and an eastern subspecies. The 

 genera restricted to Australia are 7 — namely, Laicomonia, Coenntrti, Tetruclu-oa, 

 Si/noecha, Hopliocnema, Mefammas, and Coeqitosa. Of Papuan origin are probably 

 also Cliromis and Angoni/x. It will be seen from -the above table that the 

 cosmopolitan genus Ilerse has its headquarters in Papnasia, where 4 species 

 occur out of the 5 {convoUuU is not in the list). It was originally most likely 

 Papuan, and took in Australia the place of the Indo-African genus Arheroiitia. 

 Only Ilerse convokuli has wandered beyond the Pajjuan Subregion. The American 

 Ilerse cingulatn, may be a development from either convolndl or godarti. There 

 is morphologically rather more evidence for godarti than for eonrolndi being 

 the ancestor of ciiujidata \ but geographically i-oiirohxli has the advantage, since 

 it does not require the constrnction of an Antarctic Continent to bring it into 

 geographical connection with the range of ciiigidata. 



The scarcity of indigenous species in the Malay Archipelago, from Malacca 

 to the Moluccas, and the practical absence of genera restricted to these islands, 

 and, further, the extension of Papuan species towards the west, and of Indian 

 ones far towards the east, demonstrate that the Sphingid population has come 

 to those islands by comparatively recent immigration from both sides. If we 

 call to mind the erratic distribution of Ci'jiho nodes ////Ins, which is found (in three 

 subspecies) in the Aethiopian Region, in India, China and .lapan, and again 

 in Australia and on Flores ; of the two Oriental species of Nejdieic, which occur in 

 India, Java, and Australia, of Celerio lineata, which inhabits (Continental Asia and 

 Australia, but not the Archipelago; of the Sphingidicae, which are restricted to 

 * i!unjjiteri/.r ulidfur/li iic.''cribcil ou p. 813 is not inclwleil in tbi.s number. 



i 



