II. SYSTEMATIC SECTION. 



Family SPHINGIDAE.— Typiis : Sphinx oceUuta. 



Uphinx Linne, Syst. Xat. ed. x. p. 489 (1768) (partim). 



S/,hhnirn Scopoli, hitr. Jli't. Nat. p. 41H (1777) (partim), 



Sjiliiiii/kli's Latreille, Hisl. Crust. Ins. xiv. p. 12(3 (180.0) (partim) ; Leach, in Brewst., Edinli. Kiii-ijcl. 



ix. p. VM) (1815). 

 Sj,l,i,i!)klue Samouelle, Ent. 0>mj>. p. 243 (181!)) : Westw., Biil. J/ulJis i. p. 5 (184.3); Walk., Lid 



Lep. Ins. B.M. viii. p. 76 (1856) (descr. of Sphin^. of the globe) ; Butl., Tram. Ziiiil. Snc. Loud. 



ix. p. 511 (1877) (revis. of Sphing.) ; Smith, Trims. Amer, Enl, Son. xv. p. 49 (1888) (monogr. 



of N. Amer. Sphing.) ; Kirby, Cat. Lip. /let. i. p. 624 (1892) ; Hamps., in Blanf., Faumt Brit. 



Lid., Moths i. p. 65 (1892) ; Bartel, in Riihl, Grossschm. ii. p. 11 (1899) (descr. of Palaearct. 



Sphing.). 

 Sjjhhigiiliu + Sesiiihir Stephens, Illiistr. Brit. Ent., ILausl. i. p. 104 (1828). 

 Sjil,iiir)kli Boisduval, Iml. J/itli. p. 32 (1829) (catal. of Eur. Sphing.), 



Sjiliiiirjunlae Harris, in Sillim., Journ. Sc. Art xxxvi. p.,290 (1830) (monogr. of N. Amer. Sphing.). 

 Sphiiiguhie + Orthiilae, Swainson & Shuckard, Hist. Nat. Arrani/. Lis. p. 101 (1840), 

 " Sphingides" Boisduval, Sprc. Gen. Lep. Hit. i. p. 1 (1875) (monogr. of Sphing.). 



E(jg globular or slightly flatteued, almost smooth, without distinct excrescences, 

 the structure being microscopical. 



Larca cylindrical, or tapering in front, third and fourth segments often swollen; 

 skin covered with setiferons granules, or smooth, the granules often present only 

 iu tirst stage ; segments ringed ; head rounded or triangular, apparently always 

 rounded in first stage, sometimes first rounded, then triangular, and again rounded 

 in last stage {EUema, see also Claii/s) ; eleventh segment with horn, which is 

 occasionally replaced by a button-like knob, horn longer in first than in later stages, 

 ofteu carried upright or leaning forward in first stages and movable at will, bifid 

 iu tirst stages, or at least with two apical setae, varying in structure from being 

 covered with large setiferons tubercles to being nearly smooth. 



Pupa : segments 5 and of abdomen movable (three joints) ; tongue-case 

 reaching to end of wing-cases, or shortened, often com2)ressed, cariniform, enlarged 

 basally or projecting free, sometimes rolled in spirally ; sides of abdomen generally 

 more strongly sculi>ture(l than dorsal and ventral parts of sommites, stigmatical 

 area mostly transversely ribbed or carinate ; cremaster very variable, bifid as a rule, 

 often with spines and hooks. Free in a cell in the ground, or in a very loose cocoon 

 on the surface between leaves, or beneath surface, seldom spun up on branch of 

 food-plant (Calliomma). 



/mrii/o varying in length of body from 12 to 80 mm., and in length of forewing 

 fniM] In to liil nmi. (Sp//inr/onfirji/oji.'ii.s ohaciinis and Coc>/lius antaex.i). — Tongue 

 varying from being several times as long as the body to being reduced to two 

 Kmali tubercles. — I'ilifer clothed with bristles or scales, the brush even, or the 

 bristles short at apex, or absent. — Genal process naked, mostly triangular, very 

 often reaching to ti]i of ]iilifer. — Labruni convex in middle, often raised into 

 a rather jironiinent tubercle. — Palpus very variable in size and structure ; first 

 Hegmeut with or without patch of sensory hairs on inner surface at base ; inner 

 mirface of second segment scaled or partly naked, sometimes excavate ; scaling 



B 



