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Tribe Sphingicae. — T3-pns : H//loicits Ui/ustri. 



MamJucae Hiibner, Ver-. hek. Sc/iiit. p. i:'i8 (1822) (partim). 



Sjiliiiigiiii Grote & Robinson, Proc. End. Soc. Phihid. v. p. Kil (ISlio) (partim ; imm. iiiid.). 



" Euryglottides " Boisduval, Sprc. Gen. Le/>. Hit. i. p. 58 (1875) (partim). 



Sphhiginne Butler, Trmis. Zool. Sm: Lniid. ix. p. 517 (1877) (partim). 



(JS. Tongue varying from being many times as long as the liody to being 

 very short. End-segment of antenna always lonii, rough with dis])ers('d long 

 scales and bristles, reduced in lengtli in Ollyoyraplia. Second segment of i)alpus 

 on innerside normally scaled, not sunken or only slightly concave, in Psilogramma 

 with a naked streak ; third segment in some of the otherwise more generalised 

 genera long and prominent ; palpus small and rough-scaled in many of the 

 specialised genera. Size of head and eyes very variable ; the latter generally 

 lashed in the reduced forms, and the liead often crested. Pilifer normal, or the 

 bristles modified into scales. Spinosity of abdomen varying ; the spines very 

 weak in the specialised genera, seldom absent ; there are always more rows than 

 one to each segment ; the spines of the sternites always much weaker than those 

 of the tergites. Tibiae simple or spinose, foretibia often ending in a thorn ; 

 proximal pair of spurs of hiudtibia present or absent ; mid- and hindtarsus with 

 comb or without ; the bristles of the comb very long in the generalised forms ; 

 foretibia not rarely reduced in length and then armed with stout and long 

 spines externally ; pulvillus and paronychium present or absent, the pulvillus 

 disappearing before the paronychium, there being no species with pulvillus and 

 without paronychium, the order in which these organs become obliterated being 

 this : ventral lobes of paronychium, ]mlvillus, lateral lobes of paronychium. 



c?. Some of the lower (= generalised) genera have a strongly developed 

 procoxal scent-organ, a friction-patch on clasper, and a mesially divided tenth 

 segment, or one of these characters ; the last two characters occnrring only in Old- 

 World forms, none of the numerous American species possessing a friction-patch, 

 or having the tenth tergite mesially divided. Armature of clasper and peuis-siieath 

 very variable ; the armature of the latter, if there is any, consisting of one, seldom 

 two, apical processes, which are rarely dentate. 



? . Antenna in many cases with traces of the fasciculated ciliae found in tlie 

 ?,and more often incrassate distally than in the S. Vaginal plate often rather 

 large, and mostly ])rovided with some kind of armature. 



Larva cylindrical ; head seldom triangular ; horn always present, either 

 --shaped (lowest form), or simply curved ; thoracical segments sometimes hnmped ; 

 loiigitudiiiaily striate, or obliciuely lianded, or with large patches. — Food-plants: 

 Coni/crae, Liii'axtriun, Solanuceae, Menilui, etc. 



Pupa: tongue-case reaching tip of wing-cases (except Crnitoiiun), free 

 l)rojecting or not, recurved or not, in one case spirally rolled in {i'ori/tiiis 

 i-liientius). 



llab. Cosmopolitan. More abundant in the New World as regards number 

 of species ; of the 112 species known S4 being American belonging to 1(5 genera, 

 28 Old-World forms belonging to 17 genera ; one of the genera is common to the 

 Palaearctic and Nearctic Regions, there being altogether 32 genera of Sphingicae. 

 Only one genus {Ihjluirux) occurs in the (Jld and New World, being Holarctic. 

 Africa Iiarlwiirs doubtless many unknown sjjecies of tliis tribe. 



