( 105 ) 



species took place within Ceratomia, while Isogramma remained represented only 

 b_v one species. Now, if there are other forms to be discovered which are further 

 developments from Ceratomia and Isogrammn, it is obvions, judging from the 

 general tendenc}- of evolution among the Achcroiitiinae, that the next step beyond 

 Isogramma would be represented by an insect with spiny tibiae, but without 

 pnlvillus, and that the next step beyond Ceratomia would be a form without 

 pulvillus as in Ceratomia, but with spiny tibiae ; the two forms, therefore, thus 

 resulting, although not of the same origin, would lie identical in those characters. 

 In such instances the classifier who endeavours to give a classification-based \\\mn 

 blood-relationship has to be careful. Tliere are many traps for the classifier who 

 is merely guided by the presence or absence of a certain character. Similarity and 

 blood-relationship are not identical conceptions. Spinosity of the legs and reduction 

 in their length, reduction of paronychium, pulvillus, tongue, and paljjus, ajipear- 

 auce of fasciculated ciliae on the ? -antennae recur in many instances among 

 Acherontiinae and Ambulicinae in phylogenetically widely separated forms. Only 

 liy closely following the various lines of development is it possible to distinguish 

 between what is similar and what is related. 



78. Isogramma hageni. 



Oralnmia hageni Grote, I.e. u. p. 149 (1874) (Texas) ; id, I.e. ii. p. 227. n. 47 (1875) ; Butl., Tmii«. 



Zool. Soc. Lond. ix. p. 621. n. 2 (1877) (Texas) ; Maass., Stett. Enl. Zeit. p. IG (1880) (not 



a Cemt., but prob. a Daremma) ; Grote, PiqiiUn ii. p. 176 (1882) ("Kansiis" err. loc.) ; 



Smith, TniMS. Amei: Ent. Soc. xv. p. 204 (1888) (Texas). 

 Daremma hageni Grote, BaU. Buff. Soc. N. Se. iii. p. 224. n. 49 (1877) (Texas) ; id., Papilla iii. 



p. 65 (1883) (Texas, not Kansas) ; Kirby, Cat. Lep. Ilel. i. p. 684. n. 2 (1892) (Texas). 

 Sphinx hageni, Streclier, Lep. Rhnp. Ilet. p. 127. t. 14. f. 6 (1878) (Texas ; descr. of larva) ; Riley, 



Repl. U. St. Dept. Agr. p. 193. t. 12. f. 2 (;,, /.) (1882). 



The forewing has a yellowish green tint, which is not present in Ceratomia 

 iindulosa, with which a casual observer might confound the present species. 

 Hub. Texas. 

 In the Tring Museum 1 cJ, 2 ? ¥ . 



XXVII. CERATOMIA.— Typus : amyntor. 



■ igriuK Hubner (nun id., 1822), Sanunl. E.r. Schm. (1824?) (worn, imlescr.). 



(.'•eatiimiii Harris, in Sillim., Joum. Sci. Art xxxvi. p. 2113 (1839) (type : amyntor). 



Mucrosila Walker, Li^t Lep. Ins. B. Af. viii. p. 199 (1851!) (partim). 



Daremma id., I.e. p. 231 (1856). 



Sjthiru, Grote, Prrjc. Ent. Soc. Philad. v. p. 72 (1865). 



Diliulia id. (no,, id., I860), Bull. Buffalo Soc. N. Sci. iii. p. 224 (1877). 



P»euiloHphinx, Butler (uon Burmeister, 1856), Tranx. Zool. Soc. Lond. ix. p. 629 (1877). 



6 ? . Tongue, palpus and eye reduced ; antenna of ? not andromorphic ; tubercle 

 of labrum with sharp edge. Tibiae unarmed ; foretibia short, first segment of fore- 

 farens not essentially different in length from second, armed with three or four long 

 •tout Hpincs externally, externo-ajiical spines of segments 2 to 4 not obviously 

 prolonged; midtarsns without comb; pnlvillus afment ; jjaronychiura present with 

 one lobe on each side. 



Larvae very different in the three species. The larva of ('. inuhdoaa represents 

 a more ancestral type than tlmse of the two other si)ecies. The divergency in the 



