( 217 J 



$. The eighth abclumiiial tergite resembluig' that ui' j}/wJo.it-:>, but the sides 

 are more produced distad. Vaginal plate (PL XVI f. 13) with a trausverse fold 

 ill front of the orifice, the fold iucraBbate before the orifice ; postvagiual plate 

 uarrowiiig distally, truncate. 



Length of forewing : 6, o5-(j0 mai. ; J , 22-24 mm. 



Breadth of forewing : 6, 61 mm. ; J , 2.i mm. 



Ilab. Oinauisa, Dutch Timor, November to December l891 (W. Doherty). 



2 66 1 ? , in the Tring Museum ; ti/pc : 6- 



Tliis may be only a geographical representative of titan in sjiite of the great 

 differences in the sexual armature ; intergradations may occur in the more western 

 parts of the Malayan Subregion, where no Claiiis have been found as yet. 



ITO. Clanis phalaris. 



Hphbu phiihin^ Cramer, Pap. Ei: ii. p. 83. t. U9. f. A (1777) (Ooroma'jdel). 



*.<ji!tiii.c payana I'ubricius, ti^icc. /«-■. ii. p. U6. a. 29 (1781) (tu-1. or., Mus.'Bauks ; -Mus. Hrit. ) ; 



id., .yaiil. Lis. ii. p. 95. n. 32 (1787) ; Gmel., .S>(. .V,(7. i. 5. y. 23^tr). n. 92 (1790) (tndia) ; Fabr., 



Enf. Sijst. iii. 1. p. 366. n. 31 (1793). 

 Sij/iiiLc iiicobarcHsis Sohwarz, .\umcni:l. R'JCi. d; Klccn. ii. p. 1. t. 1. f. 1. 2 (1810) ; Charp.. iu E.-p., 



Ausl. Schm. Siippl. t. 1. f. I (1830). 

 Clanis nkobarcmh, Hiibner, Ven. bck. f>rfim. p. 138. ii. H80 (1822). 

 aanh plialai-is, id., ?.<■. n. 1481 (1822); Moore, /Vki'. Z«o?. .Syc. Lund. p. .VJo (1877) (Pt. BIair,= 



pagam = nkobarensis) ; Kirby, Cat. Lip. Hct. i. p. 702. ii. 1 (1802) (India ; Xicobars ; " Schall. 



Xaturf." etc. ex err.). 

 *Basiaiia ceirina Walker, List Lep. Lls, B. iL viii. p. 237. u. 2 (1856) (partim ; N. Ind. ;— Mus. 



Biit.) ; Horsf. & Moore, Cut. Lep. Mas. E.I. C. i. p. 265. n. Gil (1857) ; Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. 



Land. p. 793 (1865) (Bengal) ; Boisd., I.e. p. 48. n. 2 (1875) ; But]., Trans. Zoo!. Soc. Land. ix. 



p, 596. n. 5(1877); iiwmh., Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. p. 135. a. 13 (1886) (Mhow, vii.); Kirby, 



Cat. Ltp. Uct. i. p. 702. u. 3 (1892). 

 Cocqmsa Q) phalaris, Walker, k. p. 258. n. 3 (1856). 

 Sphinx (?)pagana, id.. I.e. p. '.'64 (1856). 



Mctagastss phalaris, Boisduval, Spec. Gen. Hrt. Lip. i. p. 12. n. 1 (1875) (lad. or.). 

 .Velagastes nicobarcnsis, id., I.e. o. 2 (1875). 



Clanis nicobarcnsis, Butler, llltistr. T;/p. Spccim. Lep. lid. B. M. ^■. p. 14 (1881). 

 Clanis ccroina, id.. I.e. p. 15. t. 81. f. 6 (1881) ; Fors., Trans. Ent Soc. Land p. 393. t. 15. f . 1. 2. 



(lan-a, pupa) (1884) (Mhow) ; Cot. & Swinh., Cat. Moths Ind. i. p. 29. u, 160 (1887). 

 Clanis nicobaricnsis (!), Swinhoe, Cat. Lep. Hot. Mas. Oj: i. p. 20. sub n. 118 (1892). 

 Ambulyx parjana, Hampson, in Blanf., Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths i. p. 80. n. 112 (1892) (Sikhim) ; 



Bengal ; Madras) ; Dudg., Journ. Bombay -V. B. Soc. xi. p. 409. u. 112 (1898) (not seen). 



cJ ? . This species varies a good deal in the tint of the ground-colour, some 

 Bjjecimens being much more red than others ; the lines of the forewing vary also, 

 being sometimes more, sometimes less distinct. Cramer's figure applies to this sjiecies, 

 not to what we have described below under the name of titan. Though the figure 

 is very grossly executed, it shows nevertheless one essential character of phalaris 

 = uicobarensis. In this species, namely, the pale area of the upperside of the 

 forewing expands in the submargiual region between SC'' and R-, while in titan 

 it is much narrower, expanding only between SC'"' and R'. It is quite possible 

 that there are several subspecies of this species, but with the material at present 

 at disposal it is scarcely safe to form an ojiinion npou this point. We have 

 examined the genital armature of several specimeus from North and South ludia 

 and Ceylon, and did not find any reliable difference. The specimens described by 

 \Valker as ccroina — we La\e dissected the c? — are very pale, the. pale costal area 

 ot the forewing and the line before W consequently being hardly discernible ; 

 there in no black streak on the underside of the forewing, and no white Hue 



