( 2fi7 ) 



as broad, joint more or less opeu, at least in S. Antennal segments deepl}' grooved 

 iu <S, rather feebly in ? , ciliae much longer in c? than in ? , last segment short, 

 penultimate one higher than long. Abdominal tergites without broad scales, 

 densely spinose all over. Tiliiae gpi/io/ti', hindtibia as long as, or longer than, the 

 first two tarsal segments ; spurs not spinose, om' pair to hindtibia, short ; tarsi 

 stout, some of the spines of the underside more or less erect and inclining mesiad ; 

 jiulvillns and paronychium present, the upper lobe of the latter broad. Distal 

 margin of forewing more or less undulate ; apex of hindwing rounded, proportional 

 length of 1)- and D^ variable, but D- never twice the length of D\ sometimes oven 

 sliorter than D^ ; pattern almost the same in all the species. No organ of friction 

 on clasper and eighth tergite. 



Clasper and harpe similar in the various species : the former (PI. XXXIV. 

 f. 13 — 18) divided distally into a dorsal and a ventral lobe, the dorsal lobe 

 mostly strongly chitinised and pointed, the ventral one obliquely rounded, weak, 

 both close together, imperfectly separated ; harpe represented by a very strongly 

 chitinised hook curving njiwards ; a subdorsal basal fold of the clasper is ]ir(idnced 

 mesiad into a plate which lies above the penis-sheath and is prolonged distad into 

 a sharp process which corresponds to the processes pdr and pdl of Poli/pti/rhun 

 (rilineatus ; the process is t!ie same on both sides, while iu Poh/ptychm trilineatus 

 the left one differs from the right one. Penis-funnel short, more or less trans- 

 versely folded above (PI. XXXIV. f. 14); penis-sheath without processes, but 

 more or less rugose or granulose at the end. Vaginal plate see PI. XVIII. 

 f 15—22. 



Larva granulose ; head triangular. — Food-plants : Tilia ; Prunus ; Pirns ; 

 Quercus ; etc. 



Pupa somewhat glossy, rugate ; two small frontal tubercles ; labrum and 

 pdifer distinct ; smooth part of eye polished, tongue-case about 5 mm. shorter than 

 foreleg ; cremaster very rough above, tip divided, short (giiercus). 



llab. Oriental and Palaearctic Regions, as far east as the Southern Moluccas 

 and the Tenimber Islands. 



The mouth parts are very variable according to species and individuals. The 

 tongne of (jue/v//s nad jaii/tows/tii is always devoid of a fringe at the inner edge — 

 by means of which the two halves of the tongue are kept together — while the fringe 

 is present in all the other species (PI. LXI. f. 11). The pilifer is also much 

 reduced in t/nercus (PI. LXI. f. 10) and is devoid of the clothing of bristles or 

 scales found elsewhere. In sperctiMs i(Y\. LXI. f. 11) the bristles are few in 

 number, being replaced by hairs and scales. In some individuals of (/((st'/'/ccwvy.vc/^/ 

 and cri.\l(tlii, thi' pilifer is longer and bears the normal brush of brown bristles, while 

 other individuals of the same species resemble sperchius in this respect or stand 

 intermediafe. M. quercus has no distinct epistome ; in sperchius and crisUdn- 

 (PI. LXI. f 1], cyy), it is rej)resented by an obtusely triangular lobe, and in 

 xpeHaliili.t by a sinuate lobe. The labrum bears a transverse ridge, variously 

 8La])»!d in the different species, being almost tuberculiform in cristata, very high 

 and mcsially somewhat sinuate in .fpectubilis, etc. 



The relationship of Marumha with the Oriental J'oli/pti/c/nis is clearly demon- 

 Btrated by the sexual armature of tlie c?. The development of the clasper apically 

 into a dorsal and a ventral lobe and the presence of two processes above the j)eiii8- 

 foDiiel point directly to Pubjpti/ckux trilineatus. 



It is very interesting to note that the African Likomu apicalis, which agrees 



