( 2t»6 ) 



two small lobes iit each side. SC^ and R' of hindwiug not stalked, or the stalk ver_v 

 shoi't ; R- in or a little below centre of cell, D- straight or very slightly curved ; 

 distal margin of wings entire ; apex of forewing obtuse, almost rounded-truncate. 

 Distal segments of antenna not much higher than long (PI. LX. f. s) ; seriated 

 ciliae of ? prolonged. No friction-scales on clasper. 



Early stages not known. 



Ilab. North India to Japan. 



Two species. 



The species of Pa rum have hitherto been considered generically identical with 

 Daphnum ocellan's. However, they stand farther apart from ocellaris than this 

 does from Polypti/clius and Ma rumba in structure as well as in pattern, and no 

 doubt can be entertained about their being generically distinct from Jhphnusa. 

 There is even justification for erecting a genus for each of the two, as will be seen 

 from the structural differences pointed out below. Both species are very interesting 

 on account of the state of development of the retinaculum and the hindtibial spurs, 

 in porphi/riu the proximal pair of sjiurs of the liindfibia is definitely lost, while in 

 colUgata it is absent from some individuals and present in others, in the latter 

 case tliese spurs being very small and mostly concealed under the scaling. The 

 retinaculnm and frenulum are well developed in porphi/ria, while in colUgata 

 the retinaculum is vestigial (c?) and the frenulum shortened. We have here an 

 instance of one species being more generalised than the other in one character .and 

 more specialised in another. There are no older and younger species ; there are 

 older and \'onnger characters. 



Key to the species : 



Hindwing below with black (longitudinal) streak 



on disc . 2.51. P. colUgata. 



Hindwing below without black (longitudinal) 



streak on disc 252. P. porjilii/ria. 



251. Parum colligata. 



*Daj,himm rnll]gaUi Walker, List Le^i. Ins. B. M. viii. p. 238. D. 2 (1856) (N. China ;— Mus. Brit.) ; 

 Boisd., .<?/,«•. Gpii. Lejj. Het. i. p. 52. n. 2 (1875) ; Butl., Trans. Zn„l. Sor. Lnml. ix. p. 594. n. 3 

 (1877) (N. China; Hongkong); Leech, Prm: Zool. Snc. Loml. p. 587. n. 27 (1888) (Japan; 

 Kiukiang ; =J(W/) ; id., Tninx. Ent. Soc. Lnml. p. 119. n. 96 (1889) (Kiukiang ; = JV/c/i/- 

 gasles bieti) : Kirby, C<il. Lep. Hel. i. p. 704. n. 3 (1892) (China ; Thibet) ; Swinh., Cal. Lep. 

 Hel. Mill:. O.C. i. p. 28. n. 12 (1892) (N. China); Leech, I.e. p. 279. n. 41 (1898) (Ichang ; 

 Kiukiang, vii.). 



*MrUiijaMn hiel.i Oberthiir, Ei. Ent. xi. p. 29. t. 1. f. 2 (1886) (Ta-tsien-lu ;— Coll. Oberthiir). 



(?. I'ilifer short. Retinaculum occasionally vestigial, frenulum shortened ; 

 jiniximiil jiair of hindtibial spurs sometimes present; unsettled in these characters. 

 Abdomen without large underscales ; spines at the edges of the tergites weak. 

 Teritii tcrgiLe curved downward, compressed at the curvature, apical edge transverse, 

 sharp, angles rounded (I'l. XXIV. f. 11), upper surface carinate distaliy ; sternite 

 represented by a low transverse ridge, which is feebly sinuate mesially and rongh 

 with minute jiointed grannies. Clasper sole-shaped, rounded apically, hairy on 

 the inner surface ; distal part of harpe (PI. XXXIII. f 12) forming a strongly 

 cliitiiiised ventral ridge, which is longitudinal, slightly bent dorsad, granulose, 

 with the ventral surface slightly concave and the dorsal side convex. Apical edge 

 of penis-sheath (PI. XXX. f. 46) bent proximad at the right and left side. End of 

 antenna sec PI. XT,, t". S. 



