( 451 ) 



oiie broader than iu ftwi/ormi^, uot spatulatc, liarpu re[)r(;seuted by au obviously 

 spiuose hiimii ; rig'ht clasper uarrovved iu apical third, barjie produced iuto a clubbed 

 jirocess wLich is armed at end with sjiines. Peuis-funnel (y-v) rough with granules 

 ouly at end, jjroduced into a slender lobe ; process of ])enis-sheath longer than iu 

 fixclformin, acutely pointed 



Larva with a broad ventral band, and a lateral and dorso-lateral series of spots, 

 whicli are brown-red, the lateral spots oblique, including the stigmata ; horn 

 straight, brown-red. — Food-plants: Scabiom and allied genera; rarely on other 

 plants. 



JIalj. I'alacarctic Region, from Western Europe to Thibet ; represented in the 

 Pacific district by radians and staiidinyeri. 



Two subspecies : 



a. II. tifi/us alaiuna subsp. now 

 Muawjliisxa fiidfoniii^, Grum-Grsch., in Rom., Mem. Lt-p. iv. p. 514. n. 'Jll (IKJIO) (Alai Mts.j. 



S ?. Black belt of abdomen much shaded with luteous hairs, tail scarcely witli 

 any luteous hairs ; thorax and posterior abdominal segments less bright yellow than 

 in tityus titi/us. Border of forewiug broader than in the other form, as broad 

 between R^ and M' as this cellule is wide at end ; cross-veins with au obvious bar, 

 which is nearly as prominent as m/iicij'. a//i/iis ; base of hindwiug above and below 

 less yellow than iu titt/us titi/iits. 



A more generalised form than the ordinary tityan. 



Ilab. Alai Mts. 



In the Tring Museum 1 c? {tyj"'), 1 ? , ex coll. Grnm-Grschmailo. 



h. 11. titi/us t/t'/iis. 



Bradl., Works of Xalim p. 158. t. 2i. f. c (17-Jl); Ro.es., Jim. BelvM. iii. p. 282. t. 38. f. 1 (I.) 



(1755) ; Gronov., .id. Uelv. v. p. 141. n. 314 (17C2) ; Schaeif., Iiik. Halhl. t. IG. f. 1 (17(;(i) ; 



id., Elem. Eiit. t. IIG. f. 3 (176G) ; Ernst & Engr., Pai,. Kur. iii. p. 24. t. 89. f. 117. e. f. (1782). 

 Sjihhur till/us Linni', Sysl. Xal. ed. x. p. 403. n. 2 (1758) (in reg. calid. !) ; Auriv., Koiigl. Sv, Vet. 



AL: Ilaiidl. x\x. 5. p. 170 (1882) (recens. critica). 

 ftjihinx buiuhyli/iiniii'i hmni, Si/sl. Xiit. ed. x. p. 4',(3. n. 27 (1758) (Europa ; haec spec.?); Esp., 



Hrhnictl. Em: ii. p. 180. D. 30. t. 23. f. 2 (17711); Lang, Ven. Augsb. ii. p. 72. n. 579. 580 (1782); 



Fuessly, iV. .!/».«/. ii. p. 200. n. 1 (1785) ; id., I.e. iii. p. 153. n. 8K (178G) ; Borkh., Eur. Sr/n„. 



ii. p. 5.'>. D. 2 (1789) ; View., Tiibell. Vrr~. Bnunlcih. p. 13. n. 2 (1790) ; Schwarz, Riiiipmhil. 



p. G3.'j (1791) ; Borkh., Rhebi. Maij. i. p. 314. n. 318 (1793) ; Hoft'm., Nalurf. xxviii. p. 80 (1899) 



(larva) ; Schrank, Fiiuim buica ii. p. 231. n. 1396 (1804) ; Hiibn., Saiiiml. Eur. Schm., Sjj/iinij. 



t. 9. f. M (1805— V) ; id., Ge«ch. fichm. ii. SjMiig. iii. Leg. A. a. f. la (1806—?) ; Luc, L/j . 



Enr.p. 108. t. 44 (1834). 

 (?) Sjjhhi.r j/orcflliis ff. Sphinx humbylifuriaix LinntS, Sii«l. Nat. ed. .\ii. p. 801. sub n. 18 (I7G7). 

 HliU'iiM furiforiii'iK Ii. Hplihrx liti/iis id.. I.e. p. 803. sub n. 28 (17G7). 

 Sphinx porrellag 13, honihijllfiiriiii.i, Goeze, Ent. Jiei/lr. iii. 2. p. 170 (1780). 

 Sphinx ftiriforniix, Poda, .l"/««. Gniix. p. 82. n. 9. t. 2. f. G (17G1) ; Den. & Schiff., IV,-:. Sehm. Wim 



p. 44. n. I (177G) (partiiu) ; lUig., in Den. & Schiff., Kci-i'. Srhni. Witn ed. ii. p. 22 (18011) ; 



Lasp., in Illig., .Mug. ii. p. M (1803) : Ochs., Sihm. Eur. ii. p. 185. n. 1 (1808), 

 Senia /urifiinnis, Fiibricius, .Syst. Ent. p. 548. D. 5 (1775) (partim) ; id., .Sy«r. Inn. ii. p. l.jii. ii. 1 I 



(1781) (partim) ; id., Enl. Sy„l. iii. 1. p. 383. n. 12 (1793) ; Walk., List /,./-. In.^. IS. .1/. viii. 



p. 80. n. 1 (I85G) (partim). 

 Sphinr miiKen Retzius, Hen. Inx. p. 33. n. 23 (1783). 

 Srliafmijhrniis, Okcu, l.rhrb. Naturg. iii. 1. p. 749. u. I (1815). 

 .\liit:riigli,«iin fiici/iirmi'. OcliBunheimer, Srhni. Eur. iv. p. 42. u. 1 (IKIG) ; Frey., JJcitr. Sthm. ii. p. 2i'i. 



I. .'.(•■ (1829) ; Aleig., IfamW.Srhm. p. 92. n. 2 (1«27) ; Boisd., /»</. .]letli. p. ;!2 (182'.l) : Gunt.. iu 

 Silbcrm., Her. Ent. i. p. 7G (1833) (Uept. du Var) ; Thon, Xnt. tjrhni. p. 102. t. 51. f. 7oii. 710 

 (1837); Zett., /«». I.„pp. p. 918 (1840); Uamb., Eaiine Andal. p. 12.i (1812) (Grenada) 



