(476 ) 



CXII. PHOLUS.— Typus : achemon. 



Sphmx Linne, 5,v.s(. Xnt. ed. x. p. 489 (I70S) (partim). 

 Eumiirphn elegcms Hiibner, Stimml. Ex. Sclini. t. 1()7 (1806 — ?). 

 Pholiif: id., Vers. hek. ScJiiti. p. 134 (1822) (partim ; type : cranlor = uchemoti'). 

 Argeus id., I.e. p. 134 (1822) (type : labniseae). 

 Dnphniii id., I.e. p. 134 (1822) (partim ; type : eiwus). 

 Diijin id., I.e. p. 13G (1822) (type : riti-s). 

 Agrius id.. I.e. p. 140 (1822) (partim ; type : aiirJieniiilus). 



PhiliimjieluH Harris, in Sillim., Journ. Se. Art xxxvi. p. 28G (1839) (type : fiixriatiix). 

 Smeri)itliiis,'Lepell. & Serv. {non Latreille, 180'2), in Enc. MHIi. x. p. 441 (1825). 

 CAocrora^iyw, M^netries {iion Duponchel, 1835), Enum. Corp. Aiiiin. .l/z/.s. Fetr., Lep. Siippl. u. p. 92 

 (1857). 



c? ? . Genal process larg'e, triangular. Tongue long. Palpus large, rounded 

 in dorsal and in lateral aspect ; not-scaled part of inner .surface of first segment 

 large, the scales at the edge of this sjiace mostly short and broad. Eye large, 

 not lashed. Head not crested. Antenna setiform, cylindrical in ? ; hook slender, 

 end-segment produced into a long and thin process which is rough with long 

 scales all round. Spines of abdomen conical, very long and strong, in one row, 

 separate, except those on proximal segments, which stand close together and are 

 shorter and weaker. Hinder edge of mernm of midcoxa not angulate ; mid- and 

 bindtarsus with comb of moderately prolonged spines. 



c?. Scent-organ of forecoxa strongly developed. External row of spines of 

 bindtarsus often reduced, while the number of spines of the second row is enlarged. 

 Tenth tergite simjile, long, slender (PI. XLIV. f. 1 — Ti) ; tio sternite [Smith, Tran.i. 

 Anifr. Ent. Sor. xv. p. 140 (1888) confuses the anal cone with the sternite]. 

 Clasper large ; a patch of obliquely erect small friction-scales, whicli are not 

 very conspicuous, resembling those of Pseiidosphinx ; harpe broad at base, produced 

 into an borizontal process which is more or less curved upwards at end, and is 

 sometimes partly covered by a broad compressed lobe (PI. XLVII. f. ','1. 22 ; 

 PI. XLVIII. f. 1 — 9). Penis-sheath very slender for such large insects, resembling 

 that of Haemonhagia, obliquely truncate, and the jwojecting part of the ai)ical edge 

 produced into a process of variable length (PI. LIV. f. 2(). 27. 28). 



?. Seventh sternite large, triangular, rounded at end, not truncate, apex not 

 spinose ; seventh tergite long, reaching far beyond the apex of the sternite, ventral 

 edges distally close together, covering the vaginal region. Eighth tergite more 

 or less sinuate, rather strongly chitinised. Vaginal plate small, membranaceous, 

 except postvaginal part, which is obtusely triangular and much broader than long ; 

 orifice without special armature. 



Larva : green or brown, ta])ering in front, fourth segment swollen ; direction 

 of lateral markings dorso-frontal — ventro-distal ; horn long and v/i-sliaiied in first 

 stages, red, replaced in last stage by a smooth round tubercle. — Food-pliiiits : Vitis, 

 Ampelopsis, Jussicua. 



Pujia glossy ; head-case rounded in lateral as])ect, often more convex ventral ly 

 than dursally ; tongue-case not carinate ; abdominal segments ])nnc.tured nearly 

 all over dorsally and at base ventrally : cremaster either coniral, smooth, curved 

 ventrad, or fiattcned, triangular, rough. 



llab. Neotropical and Nearctic Regions. 



Nineteen sjiecies are known, eighteen of which are in the Triiig Museum. 

 There exist doubtless more in South and ( !eutral America. 



The genus J'/mliis is a very sharply defined one. The species have been 



