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CXLVII. PROSERPINUS.— Typus : proscrphm. 



Sphinx. Palks {nun Linne. 1758), Spir. Zunl. ix. p. L'(i {177-2). 



Sc4a Faliricius, in lUig., May. Eni. vi. p. 88 (1807) (pMrtim). 



J/arriii/liixsi{ Oclisenheimer, Si'Jim. Eiir. iv. p. 42 (1810) (partim). 



I'pjserjiiiiiix Hubnei', Ftci. bck. Schm. p. 132 (1822) (type: /iinserpiiiii = oennthei-ae). 



I'Ifivgvn Boisduval, [run. Lfp. Eur. ii. p. 14 (1834) (piirtim). 



Tliyi-diii, Walker {ixnt Swainson, 1821), Lint Lrp. Inx. B. M. viii. p. 100 (1850) (partim). 



f.f/iisesia Grote, Proc. Eiit. finr. I'liihiil. v. p. 38 {I8(!5) (type : Jtinuifasi-utla). 



Piii/iiro/u/i Boisduval, S/m; Gin. Lip. Hit. i. p. 314 (1875) (type : rjauniii). 



Dkiiecr« Butler, Ann. Minj. X. U. (5) viii. p. 308 (1881) (type : rlarldae). 



c? ¥ . Geiial process large, tritiugular, nearly reaching to tip of jjililer. Eye-lashes 

 heavy. Auteuua clubbed ; hook suddenly narrowed : end-segment conical, at 

 least three times as long as basally broad. Abdominal spines weak ; anal tnft 

 truncate, jireceding segments with side-tnfts. Hinder edge of merum of midcoxa 

 rounded, neither augulate nor cariniform ; tibiae spinose ; foretibia ending in a 

 thorn, a lateral row of heavy spines, the basal ones the shortest ; spurs of mid- 

 and hindtibiae unecinal, longer ones eipmlling or surpassing in length second 

 tarsal segment ; no comb to mid- and hindtarsus ; ventral lobes of paronychium 

 very small ; pulvillns present. R- of hindwiug central ; R^ and M' rather close 

 together ; K" transverse, slightly concave, W oblique, lower angle of cell little 

 produced. 



J Tenth tergite and steruite simple, of the same type as in ifacroglosmm. 

 (.'lasper without friction-scales ; har])e vestigial. Penis-sheath with a horizontal, 

 apical, pointed process, directed dextro-laterad. 



Larva: head small, not granulose, but hairy; a pale dorso-lateral line, and 

 another veutro-lateral, at least in early stages, with these are connected oblique 

 bauds running in the same direction as in Pholus, dorso-frontal — ventro-distal ; 

 horn short, or in later stages vestigial. 



Uhrvsalis slender, glossy ; two frontal tubercles ; mesouotum with transverse, 

 mesially interrupted ridge ; abdominal segments with large jinnctures at base, 

 last segments punctured nearly all over ; cremaster long, slender, ending in 

 two points. 



Hah. Palaearctic and Nearctic Regions. 



Five species. 



Since the genus as conceived by us contains material closely related inter se 

 in pattern and structure, and is sharply defined, we do not see the necessity of 

 dividin" the few species into several genera. On the contrary, we think it highly 

 opportune to keep the five species under one generic head and thus impress npou 

 the student the facts (1) that we have here, as in the case of Haemorrhagia, a 

 develiqiini'ut eninmon to the Northern temperate regions (except the eastern parts 

 of the Piilaearctic Regions, where as yet no rejiresentative has been found), and 

 (2) that the Ijomliiform jl'tfofaaciata is a derivation from a (jaurac-WVv. insect, 

 owin"- its similarity with Haemorrhagia to mimicking the same a-ddel. 



If one se])arates the Palaearctic proserpinu from the Nearctic forms, it liecomes 

 necessary to further divide these, and there would then be even jnstificatiou for 

 keepinir each single .sj)ecies in a genus of its own. In this case a generic term 

 will have to be invented {ov juanifii, which diti'ers essentially from //////v/c in the 

 larval state. Everybody may jdcasc himself in this matter, l)ut we stale with 



