( 37 ) 



oflScers, near El-Gulea. We have not been able to find traces or reports of its 

 occnrreuce farther south. 



12. Sus scrofa (?snbsp.). — Wild pigs are common in Northern Algeria, bnt 

 absent from the Sahara. Mr. Rothschild and I took part in a " chasse " near 

 Hammara Jleskoutine, in Febrnary 1911, when twelve " haluf " were shot, three of 

 which were very old specimens. A pair of them are now mounted ia the Tring 

 Musenm. 



IV. 



BIRDS. 

 By ERNST HARTERT, Ph.D. 



Birds were, of course, the principal object of the expedition, and therefore most 

 of onr time and energy was spent on the collecting and observation of birds. With 

 more time and luck one will doubtless, at least near Oiiargla, find B>i,ho b. ascalaphiis 

 nesting in the regions we traversed, but otherwise we do not believe that any 

 resident desert birds have escaped us. The number of migrants can of course be in- 

 creased, and the best places for them would undoubtedly be El-Golea and In-Salah. 



The species which do not breed in the Sahara south of Biskra as far as we 

 passed through it are marked with an asterisk. 



Conclusions see at the end of the list of species and subspecies which we 

 observed. 



[Corvus corax tingitanus Irby. 



This form is not an inhabitant of the desert, except on its northern edge. In 

 1912 we saw Ravens near Biskra and a stray bird near Chegga, which must have 

 been C. c. tingitanus. We are still uncertain to which form the Ravens of the 

 dayats near Tilrhomiit (cf. Nov. Zool. xviii. p. 471) belong.] 



1. Corvus corax mficoUis Less. 

 ( Corvus umbrinus auct.) 



CnrniH injii:i>!lls Lesson, Tniile d'Ont. p. .^29 (183. — No locality ; Pucheran, Rei-. & Jla/j. Znol. 18.^3. 

 p. ,548, says that the type came from the "C;ipe," but it more probably came from the 

 Cape Verde Islands ; in any case the description can only apply to the present species, and 

 the name must therefore be used). 



C'imts uinhriiiiiH Sundevall, Oef. k. Vet. .Ika/I. Fiirli. Stnclclwlm, 1838. p. I'.i'.) (Sennaar). 



Curotis infiimatuH Wagner, Miinchener ijel. Am. viii. p. 3(11 (June 1839. — Egypt, Nile-Delta). 



This form of Raven is the Raven of the desert from Egy[it to Algeria, and 

 doubtless also of the unexplored south of Marocco, as it is found on the Cape 

 Verde Islands. 



At a distance the desert Raven cannot be distinguished from C. corax tingitanus, 

 but wo have no doubt that all the Ravens seen between Tonggourt and El-Goica, 

 K'lutli to the plateau of Tademait, those at (Thardaia, and all the Ravens nesting 

 on the Terebinth-trees in the Oaed N(;a, are C. c. ruficollis (= umbrinus). In fresh 



